Recent advances and trends of single-atom catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes

Single-Atom Electrocatalysts Anchored on Phosphoniobic Acid (M1/PNb12O40) Cluster for Water Splitting (HER/OER) and Metal-Air Batteries (ORR)

“…Global energy challenges, along with related environmental issues, have forced researchers to explore possible renewable energy resources that can be used to replace fossil fuels. , The development of alternative energy sources such as metal–air batteries, − fuel cells, carbon dioxide reduction (CO 2 -RR), and water splitting , is significant to meet the growing global energy demand as well as to mitigate associated environmental challenges. The energy preservation and conversion processes involve HER/ORR/OER reactions mainly focused on precious metals such as Ir, Au, Ru, Pt, and Pd .…”