Recent advances in animal origin identification of gelatin-based products using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods: A mini review

Abstract

Gelatin, a natural functional material obtained from animal connective tissues, has been broadly applied in health-related products such as food, pharmacy, and cosmetic. But unclear labelling and false information of animal origin of gelatin in those products would violate religious rules and increase public health risks. Recently, animal origin identification of gelatin-based products has drawn more and more concerns. Among various identification methods, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has specifically become a research hotspot for animal origin identification and quantitative analysis of gelatin-based products due to its superior reliability, selectivity, and sensitivity. The main desideratum of the current treatise is to review the recent progress on this subject with respect to: (1) the identification of animal in halal gelatin-based products, (2) the determination of the authenticity of gelatinous medicines from animal, especially from the highly homologous family species, and (3) the quantification of gelatin in gelatin-based products, using LC-MS method. We hope that this review could provide theoretical guidance and advanced strategies for developing animal origin identification technologies for gelatin-based products.

Application of LC-MS/MS Coupled with Various Digestion Methods for the Identification of Porcine Gelatin Markers in Confectionery Matrices

“…The relative LOD value for detecting porcine gelatin in bovine gelatin ranged from 0.09% to 0.89%. To estimate the unknown concentration of gelatin-based products in food systems, a high R2 value linear regression or calibration equation based on the relationship between the peak area of marker peptides (y) and gelatin content (x) can be utilized (Huang et al, 2020;Sha et al, 2020;Yang et al, 2018). The area under the chromatographic elution profile of the identified peptides can be compared between samples for relative quantitation (Xie et al, 2011).…”

Rapid and Nondestructive Identification of Origin and Index Component Contents of Tiegun Yam Based on Hyperspectral Imaging and Chemometric Method

“…However, most of the traditional content determination methods are destructive, time consuming, and environment polluting with few other shortcomings and only applies to small samples and cannot meet the requirements of online monitoring [12]. In addition, the traditional methods of origin identifcation include liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry [13], gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [14], molecular biology techniques [15], stable isotope [16], and chemical fngerprinting [17]. However, traditional chemical methods have high accuracy but also have some disadvantages, such as high detection cost, difcult operation, and time consuming.…”

Development of a label-free electrochemiluminescence biosensor for the sensitive detection of porcine gelatin using carbon nanostructured materials

“…4 However, the usage of gelatin in food such as trifles, candy corn, and gummy bears isolated from porcine and bovine have major religious and ethical concerns across the globe, including among Muslim and Jewish. 5,6 Further, the current trend of practicing vegetarian and vegan lifestyles does not support the application of gelatin in different products from animal sources. 7 Whilst ELISA, 8 Chromatography, 9 Mass spectroscopy, 10 Infrared-spectroscopy, 11 and PCR based methods are currently available to detect gelatin.…”

“…4 However, the usage of gelatin in food such as trifles, candy corn, and gummy bears isolated from porcine and bovine has major religious and ethical concerns across the globe, especially among Muslims and Jews. 5,6 Further, the current trend of practicing vegetarian and vegan lifestyles does not support the use of gelatin in different products from animal sources. 7…”