Recent advances in argan propagation: a review

Mazri, Mouaad Amine; Koufan, Meriyem; Moussafir, Sanae; Essatte, Amine; Belkoura, I.

doi:10.1007/s00468-021-02262-0

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Other studies were instead based on lab and nursery tests (Mazri et al 2022), including cuttings and rooting (Bousselmame et al 2001), use of proper containers in nurseries (30 or 60 cm) to allow a better development of roots (Ouswati et al 2021), micro-grafting from in vitro germinated seeds (Koufan et al 2020), seed treatments such as pre-sowing soaking treatments (Ikinci 2014;Benaouf et al 2016) or the use of a mixture of sand and peat as substrate for germination (Elmandouri et al 2020) or on the effects of light on seed germination (Alouani and Bani-Aameur 2003).…”

Section: Specialized Cultivations Of Argan Trees and Possibilities Fo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovation of argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) products and byproducts for sustainable development of rural communities in Morocco. A systematic literature review

Santoro,

Ongoma,

Ait el Kadi

et al. 2023

Biodivers Conserv

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Argan tree is endemic of Moroccan arid regions, providing socioeconomic and cultural benefits since ancient times. This study identifies the emerging threats for the argan forest, and the opportunities related to the innovative uses of argan products and byproducts. Argan forest is facing pressure from overgrazing, demand for argan oil and nuts, and land degradation, despite its recognition as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and the inclusion in the FAO Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Programme. Innovative use and recycling of the waste deriving from argan nuts processing, offer promising opportunities to support a local bio-economy. Argan press cake can be used to integrate livestock feeding, to extract sudan dyes or to produce bioplastics. Argan nut shells can be used to produce environment-friendly and low-cost purifying materials and biochar, or as a source of bioenergy. Argan pulp can be used for bioethanol production or to obtain natural insect repellent. Despite these promising opportunities, the socio-economic impact of innovative uses is still limited. Local population is not sufficiently involved in management and development strategies. To support the sustainable development of local communities, it is necessary to promote a participative approach as well as training and product differentiation among argan women cooperatives.

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Section: Specialized Cultivations Of Argan Trees and Possibilities Fo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovation of argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) products and byproducts for sustainable development of rural communities in Morocco. A systematic literature review

Santoro,

Ongoma,

Ait el Kadi

et al. 2023

Biodivers Conserv

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“…This author found higher germination percentages in in vitro conditions (77.7%) than in greenhouses (66.9%). Certainly, seeds grown in suitable in vitro culture media and under controlled conditions provide the optimal nutrients and environment to promote germination and post-seminal development (Mazri et al, 2022). Several Vriesea species present low germination percentages in the natural environment (Mekers 1977;Mercier and Kerbauy 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro germination and reserve mobilization of Vriesea friburgensis Mez

2023

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Studies on the germination and establishment of plants are key pieces to understanding the reproductive success of plants. This work aimed to describe in vitro germination and reserve mobilization in the bromeliad Vriesea friburgensis through morphological, histochemical, and biochemical analysis. The conditions used in this study for the in vitro germination are adequate. From the third day of in vitro inoculation, a uniform germination of 98% was obtained, exhibiting a high physiological quality of the seeds and a high potential to produce seedlings (94%). There is early reserve mobilization, which began in the imbibition phase. The accumulated reserves in the endosperm cytoplasm are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes provided by the aleurone layer. It is possible that compounds in the cell walls of the endosperm contribute to a lesser extent in mobilization. Additionally, it was observed that starch accumulation in the cotyledon increases when the seedling has formed. Results from this study provide insights for future studies on ecology, seed technology, and conservation in this species. This study contributes to the limited knowledge of the dynamics of reserves during germination and seedling establishment in Bromeliaceae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study with this approach in the genus Vriesea.

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“…Surveys of the natural population of argan trees in Morocco indeed show that the species exhibits high heterozygosity (Louati et al, 2019), which is expressed in tremendous phenotypic differences between trees, including flowering phenology (Zahidi and Abdelhamid, 2015), yield, fruit shape, number and size of the kernels (Belcadi Haloui et al, 2017), and oil composition (Ait Hammou et al, 2019) and content (Ait Hammou et al, 2018). Failure to cultivate argan is due in part to the tree being very difficult to root (Nouaim et al, 2002;Justamante et al, 2017;Mazri et al, 2022); to date, no commercial cultivar varieties or proper rootstocks have been selected. Hence, the main obstacle in turning argan into a commercial crop on a significant scale is the difficulty in performing effective vegetative propagation of outstanding varieties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing adventitious root-formation and graft-unification abilities in clones of Argania spinosa

et al. 2022

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Argania spinosa trees have attracted attention in recent years due to their high resistance to extreme climate conditions. Initial domestication activities practiced in Morocco. Here we report on selection and vegetative propagation of A. spinosa trees grown in Israel. Trees yielding relatively high amounts of fruit were propagated by rooting of stem cuttings. High variability in rooting ability was found among the 30 clones selected. In-depth comparison of a difficult-to-root (ARS7) and easy-to-root (ARS1) clone revealed that the rooted cuttings of ARS7 have a lower survival rate than those of ARS1. In addition, histological analysis of the adventitious root primordia showed many abnormal fused primordia in ARS7. Hormone profiling revealed that while ARS1 accumulates more cytokinin, ARS7 accumulates more auxin, suggesting different auxin-to-cytokinin ratios underlying the different rooting capabilities. The hypothesized relationship between rooting and grafting abilities was addressed. Reciprocal grafting was performed with ARS1/ARS7 but no significant differences in the success of graft unification between the trees was detected. Accordingly, comparative RNA sequencing of the rooting and grafting zones showed more differentially expressed genes related to rooting than to grafting between the two trees. Clustering, KEGG and Venn analyses confirmed enrichment of genes related to auxin metabolism, transport and signaling, cytokinin metabolism and signaling, cell wall modification and cell division in both regions. In addition, the differential expression of some key genes in ARS1 vs. ARS7 rooting zones was revealed. Taken together, while both adventitious root-formation and graft-unification processes share response to wounding, cell reprogramming, cell division, cell differentiation and reconnection of the vasculature, there are similar, but also many different genes regulating the two processes. Therefore an individual genotype can have low rooting capacity but good graft-unification ability.

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Recent advances in argan propagation: a review

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

Innovation of argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) products and byproducts for sustainable development of rural communities in Morocco. A systematic literature review

Innovation of argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) products and byproducts for sustainable development of rural communities in Morocco. A systematic literature review

In vitro germination and reserve mobilization of Vriesea friburgensis Mez

Comparing adventitious root-formation and graft-unification abilities in clones of Argania spinosa

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