Recent advances in biosensor techniques for environmental monitoring

Electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the pharmaceutical and environmental analysis

“…There are several advantages of the enzyme biosensors. These include their availability and the ability to modify the catalytic properties or substrate specificity by means of genetic engineering and catalytic amplification of the biosensor response by modulation of the enzyme activity with respect to the target analyte (Rogers, 2006). Among the enzymes commercially available, the oxidases: the glucose oxidase (GOD) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) are the most often used.…”

Sol-gel technology in enzymatic electrochemical biosensors for clinical analysis

“…With an annual growth rate estimated at 60% (Chaplin & Bucke, 1990), biosensors and analytical techniques in which they are involved will play an increasingly important role in the future technology. Some of the Table 1 ( Castillo et al, 2004;Justino et al, 2010;Lazcka et al, 2007;Mello & Kubota, 2002;Nayak et al, 2009;Rodriguez-Mozaz et al, 2005;Rodriguez-Mozaz et al, 2006;Rogers, 2006;Tothill, 2009;Verma & Singh, 2005). The recent progress in micro-and nanoscale technologies shows high promises in enabling a number of new applications in biosensing.…”

Biosensor Arrays for Environmental Monitoring

“…There are several advantages for enzyme biosensors. These include a stable source of material (primarily through bio-renewable sources), the ability to modify the catalytic properties or substrate specificity by means of genetic engineering, and catalytic amplification of the biosensor response by modulation of the enzyme activity with respect to the target analyte [17] .…”

“…These limitations include the complexity of assay formats and the number of specialized reagents (e.g., antibodies, antigens, tracers, etc.) that must be developed and characterized for each compound and the limited number of compounds typically determined in an individual assay as compared to the multiple compounds that contaminate environmental samples [17] . Antibody-based biosensor arrays are a powerful tool for analytical purposes.…”