Recent Advances in Breeding of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

Rao, P. Gangadhara

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-66961-4_3

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Tang et al (2007) suggested that higher number of markers are necessary to generate a high-density/saturated genetic map and also for fully exploitation of markers for marker-assisted selection. Generation of high-density genetic maps is the best way to identify the closely associated or functional markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and map-based cloning for fruit-related traits, gynoecium sex and yield (Rao, 2021). In this regard, first genetic linkage map generated by using 108 AFLP markers (Kole et al, 2012), later on many map was generated by using EST-SSR, AFLP and SRAP for gynoecious trait (Wang and Xiang, 2013), RAPD marker (OPZ 13, 700 bp) linked to (gy-1) gene (Mishra et al, 2014), ISSR marker associated with the gynoecious trait (Gaikwad et al, 2014), RAD-seq (restriction-associated DNA tag sequencing) to identify linked SNP for gynoecious trait (Matsumura et al, 2014), SNPs using genotyping-bysequencing (GBS) technology mapping gynoecious trait (Rao et al, 2018).…”

Section: Molecular Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bitter Gourd: Breeding and Genomics

Behera,

Bhardwaj,

Gautam

2023

isvs

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Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is known tropical cucurbitaceous vegetable for its nutritional, medicinal and curative properties. The immature fruit is valued for its bitter taste and richness in calcium, phosphorous, iron, copper, potassium and vitamins A, B1, B2 and C. The genus Momordica consist of 60 species worldwide and out of them 7 species (Momordica charantia, M. balsamina, M. dioica, M. cochinchinensis, M. tuberosa, M. subangulata M. macrophylla) are found in Indian sub-continent which expressed large variability with respect to fruit shape, size, coulour due to varied edaphic and climatic conditions. Breeding efforts for emergence of early pistillate flower at earlier nodes, high female to male sex ratio, earliness, fruit color, firm fruit with narrow seed cavity, less seed development, desirable fruit shape, size, non-ridge fruits, thick flesh, thick flesh, resistant to leaf mosaic and fruit fly and suitability for export, canning and dehydration. Considering the above traits, several varieties and hybrids in different segments has been developed by public and private seed companies. Due to monoecism and expression of gynoecism has played a vital role in development of high yielding varieties, hybrids and seed production. The major limitations of molecular markers are limited in number, and their association with few economically important traits in bitter gourd. Generation of high-density genetic maps is the best way to identify the closely associated or functional markers for marker assisted selection and map-based cloning for fruit-related traits, gynoecium sex and yield. Crop wild relative can play an important role as a source of stress tolerance. The availability of whole genome information, selection of biotic and abiotic stress tolerant genes along with heterosis related alleles can be easily accomplished in breeding programmes.

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Section: Molecular Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bitter Gourd: Breeding and Genomics

Behera,

Bhardwaj,

Gautam

2023

isvs

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“…It is widely known for its edible fruit that is distinctly marked for its bitterness. Hereby, Momordica charantia (L.) belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae, considered being an old world species has long been used as a food and medicine (Rao, 2021). And is also known by many names such as Bitter melon, Balsam pear, Bitter cucumber, or Bitter gourd, Karela, Fukwa and Ampalaya etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Tetraploidization Towards Enhancement Of Charantin Biosynthesis In Momordica Charantia (L.)

Sarkar,

Kundu,

Salma

et al. 2023

SFS

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A practical and reliable method for in vitro tetraploidization of Bitter Gourd [Momordica charantia (L.)] has been established to enhance the production of charantin. Shoot tip from in vitro-grown culture (2n = 22) were exposed to the anti-mitotic chemical, i.e., colchicine, at various concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% along with 2% DMSO) for 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. The treated explants were then incubated and proliferated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with 1.5 mg L-1 benzyladenine and 0.5 mg L-1 naphthalene acetic acid, followed by root induction in 1.0 mg L-1 indole-3 acetic acid enriched 1/2MS medium. Treatment of shoot tips with 0.1% colchicine for 24 h supported the highest tetraploid induction efficiency (33.56 ±0.22%). Morphological, stomatal, and cytological characteristics along with the secondary metabolite content of the in vitro tetraploids were compared to that of diploids. The recovered tetraploid plants possessed superior plant height, stem diameter, leaf size, and increased length and width of stomata but decreased stomatal frequency. The tetraploid plants demonstrated twice the chromosome number (2n = 4x = 44) in respect to diploids as confirmed through cytology, spectrophotometry and flow cytometry. Highperformance liquid chromatography showed 1.09 times enhancement of charantin content in tetraploid plants than that of diploid plants, signifying the prospective of this technique for the trade value improvement.

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Momordica charantia L. var. muricata Willd is a donor for higher fruit number and yield in bitter gourd breeding

Lavale,

Mathew,

Prasad

et al. 2023

Plant Genet. Resour.

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The potential of Momordica charantia var. muricata, a little-known wild form, as a source of favourable alleles in breeding and improvement of bitter melons (M. charantia var. charantia), is demonstrated. The M. charantia var. charantia cultivar Priyanka and M. charantia var. muricata accession IC634896 were crossed with each other and cross ability and performance of F1 plants were studied. These botanical varieties were fully cross-compatible on either direction. Surprisingly, cross of Priyanka × IC634896 produced 80.0 fruits compared to 17.0 in Priyanka and fruit yield per plant (2287.4 g) was more than double that in Priyanka (1042.3 g). This hybrid has to be back crossed with commercial cultivar to improve its fruit size, with no compromise on fruit number. This is the first study showing the promise of M. charantia var. muricata as a potential donor in bitter melon breeding.

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Recent Advances in Breeding of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

Cited by 3 publications

References 95 publications

Bitter Gourd: Breeding and Genomics

Bitter Gourd: Breeding and Genomics

In Vitro Tetraploidization Towards Enhancement Of Charantin Biosynthesis In Momordica Charantia (L.)

Momordica charantia L. var. muricata Willd is a donor for higher fruit number and yield in bitter gourd breeding

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