Recent advances in capillary electrophoretic migration techniques for pharmaceutical analysis

Deeb, Sami El; Wätzig, Hermann; El‐Hady, Deia Abd; Albishri, Hassan M.; Griend, Cari Sänger van de; Scriba, Gerhard K. E.

doi:10.1002/elps.201300411

Cited by 83 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 214 publications

(277 reference statements)

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“…A recent review by Deeb et al (2014) showed that the number of advances and applications to pharmaceutical analysis by CE is continuously increasing. Method development strategies, validation and instrument qualification can be used for overcoming challenges related to low sensitivity or precision (Deeb et al 2014), but these are not the main concerns in the process analyses considered here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Method development strategies, validation and instrument qualification can be used for overcoming challenges related to low sensitivity or precision (Deeb et al 2014), but these are not the main concerns in the process analyses considered here. Requirements for monitoring high-volume bulk processes differ from those for monitoring highly regulated, sophisticated processes, such as pharmaceutical chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CE is a well-established analytical method with various applications in the fields of pharmaceutical, environmental and food analysis (Altria 1999;Whatley 2001;Piñero et al 2011;Deeb et al 2014). The technique is based on applying high electric voltage over a background electrolyte solution to separate any charged compounds (Altria 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Requirements for monitoring high-volume bulk processes differ from those for monitoring highly regulated, sophisticated processes, such as pharmaceutical chemicals. A holistic view of the sample matrix is emphasized when analyzing process samples, because it yields additional information on how the process proceeds, whether the monitoring is subjected to a continuous or a batch process (Deeb et al 2014;Krogell et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Profiling of water-soluble carbohydrates in pine and spruce extracts by capillary zone electrophoresis with direct UV detection

et al. 2015

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Monitoring wood-related biorefinery process streams is important as the composition of raw material and its variations have a great impact on the production outcome as well as on the process control. In this paper, the applicability of a simple type of capillary zone electrophoresis method to profiling heterogeneous woodbased samples was studied by grouping the peaks in the overall electropherograms. A comparison between 210 and 270 nm as an example confirmed the identification of a monosaccharide peak in the carbohydrate electropherogram. The analytical method applied in this study was found suitable, firstly, in profiling the samples based on correlation of multiple detection wavelengths and, secondly, in characterizing the total carbohydrate composition by grouping detected peaks by the compound type. Compounds were detected in their extracted form without timeconsuming pretreatment procedures. Differences in the raw material and process conditions were successfully identified by comparing characteristic peaks in the sample electropherograms of an example case.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Profiling of water-soluble carbohydrates in pine and spruce extracts by capillary zone electrophoresis with direct UV detection

et al. 2015

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“…CE is an appropriate technique for analyzing pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals [1][2][3][4][5] for which using small volume samples is advantageous. There are numbers of benefits involved in handling small sample volume in CE, among which using less material, generating less waste, and applying high concentrations of valuable samples, which are all very important from an economic perspective stand out [6,7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Precise small volume sample handling for capillary electrophoresis

Mozafari¹,

Nachbar²,

Deeb³

2015

Electrophoresis

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CE is one of the most important analytical techniques. Although the injected sample volume in CE is only in the nanoliter range, most commercial CE instruments need approximately 50 μL of the sample in the injection vial to perform the analysis. Hence, in order to fully profit from the low injection volumes, smaller vial volumes are required. Thus experiments were performed using silicone oil, which has higher density than water (1.09 g/mL) to replace sample dead volume in the vial. The results were compared to those performed without using the silicone oil in the sample vial. As an example five standard proteins namely beta-lactoglobulin, BSA, HSA, myoglobin, and ovalbumin, and one of the coagulation cascade involved proteins called vitonectin were investigated using CE. Mobility ratios and peak areas were compared. However, no significant changes were observed (RSDs% for mobility ratios and peak areas were better than 0.9 and 5.8%, respectively). Afterwards, an affinity CE method was used to investigate the interactions of two proteins, namely HSA and vitronectin, with three ligands namely enoxaparin sodium, unfractionated heparin, and pentosan polysulfate sodium. Mobility shift precision results showed that the employment of the filling has no noticeable effect on any of the protein-ligand interactions. Using a commercial PrinCE instrument and an autosampler the required sample volume is reduced down to 10 μL, and almost this complete volume can be subsequently injected during repeated experiments.

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Use of short chain alkyl imidazolium ionic liquids for on‐line stacking and sweeping of methotrexate, flinic acid and folic acid: Their application to biological fluids

et al. 2014

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Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used for the treatment of many types of cancer. Folinic acid (FNA) and folic acid (FA) were usually simultaneously supplemented with MTX to reduce the side effects of a folate deficiency. This study, for the first time, included on-line sample preconcentration by stacking and sweeping techniques under reduced or enhanced electric conductivity in the sample region using short chain alkyl imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) as micelle forming agents for analyte focusing. Both analyte focusing by micelle collapse (AFMC) and sweeping-MEKC had been investigated for the comparison of their effectiveness to examine simultaneously MTX, FNA and FA in plasma and urine under physiological conditions. In sweeping-MEKC, the sample solution without micelles was hydrodynamically injected as a long plug into a fused-silica capillary pre-filled with phosphate buffer containing 3.0 mol/L of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (BMIMBr). Using AFMC, the analytes were prepared in BMIMBr micellar matrix and hydrodynamically injected into the phosphate buffer without IL micelles. The conductivity ratio between BGE and sample (γ, BGE/sample) was optimized to be 3.0 in sweeping-MEKC and 0.33 in AFMC resulting the adequate separation of analytes within 4.0 min. To reduce the possibility of BMIMBr adsorption, an appropriate rinsing protocol was used. The limits of detection were calculated as 0.1 ng/mL MTX, 0.05 ng/mL FNA and 0.05 ng/mL FA by sweeping-MEKC and 0.5 ng/mL MTX, 0.3 ng/mL FNA and 0.3 ng/mL FA by AFMC. The accuracy was tested by recovery in plasma and urine matrices giving values ranging between 90 and 110%. Both stacking and sweeping by BMIMBr could be successfully used for the rapid, selective and sensitive determination of pharmaceuticals in complex matrices due to its fascinating properties, including high conductivity, good thermal stability and ability to form different types of interactions by electrostatic, hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. In sweeping-MEKC, the using of BMIMBr enhanced the γ factor, k retention factor and the injected amount of sample. Consequently, this technique offers particular potential for higher sensitivity by giving 22- and 5-fold sensitivity enhancement factors (SEFs) of MTX compared to CZE and AFMC, respectively.

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Recent advances in capillary electrophoretic migration techniques for pharmaceutical analysis

Cited by 83 publications

References 214 publications

Profiling of water-soluble carbohydrates in pine and spruce extracts by capillary zone electrophoresis with direct UV detection

Profiling of water-soluble carbohydrates in pine and spruce extracts by capillary zone electrophoresis with direct UV detection

Precise small volume sample handling for capillary electrophoresis

Use of short chain alkyl imidazolium ionic liquids for on‐line stacking and sweeping of methotrexate, flinic acid and folic acid: Their application to biological fluids

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