“…Nanomaterials (NMs) with a series of superior performances have been widely used in medicine, mechanics, electronics, agriculture and the energy field [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. As one of the most attractive NMs with multiple forms, carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs) with nano-sized and unique physico-chemical properties, including graphene oxide (GO), single-walled carbon nanotubes, multiple-walled carbon nanotubes, carbon nanoparticles and fullerenes, provoke tremendous scientific interest for nanotechnology development of a wide range of medical and industrial applications [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Among them, GO, as a novel CBN, presents the widest application duo to more fascinating properties, such as high surface area, good thermal stability, excellent mechanical strength, high optical transmittance and electrical conductivity [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”