Recent advances in earthquake monitoring I: Ongoing revolution of seismic instrumentation

Li, Zefeng

doi:10.29382/eqs-2021-0011

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Broadband seismometers have a wide recording capacity ranging from hundreds of seconds to hundreds of hertz. The Southern California Seismic Network (SCSN) is an exemplary seismic network that has grown from7 seismometers in 1929 to over 600 seismometers in 2021 [34]. Each station is now equipped with co-located three-component broadband and strong-motion seismometers.…”

Section: Seismic Monitoring Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting the Unseen: Understanding the Mechanisms and Working Principles of Earthquake Sensors

Tian¹,

Liu²,

Mo³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The application of movement-detection sensors is crucial for understanding surface movement and tectonic activities. The development of modern sensors has been instrumental in earthquake monitoring, prediction, early warning, emergency commanding and communication, search and rescue, and life detection. There are numerous sensors currently being utilized in earthquake engineering and science. It is essential to review their mechanisms and working principles thoroughly. Hence, we have attempted to review the development and application of these sensors by classifying them based on the timeline of earthquakes, physical or chemical mechanisms of sensors, and location of sensor platforms. In this study, we analyzed all available sensor platforms that have been widely used in recent years, with satellites and UAVs being among the most used. The findings of our study will be useful for future earthquake response and relief efforts, as well as research aimed at reducing earthquake disaster risks.

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Section: Seismic Monitoring Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting the Unseen: Understanding the Mechanisms and Working Principles of Earthquake Sensors

Tian¹,

Liu²,

Mo³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…On the other hand, a combination of several seismic stations comprised of seismic network. There can be different types of seismic networks e.g., local networks, regional networks, and global networks [5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumentation of the Nigeria network of seismological stations

Adekunle Eluyemi

2024

EAR

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“Living in fear of Nigeria biggest Earthquake” is a sub-heading of the Punch daily newspaper of Nigeria, dated, 21st of August, 2016, reported the earthquake/tremor recently witnessed in the ancient town of Saki, accompanied by a series of aftershock events that lasted for about three (3) months (March/May, 2016) southwest Nigeria[1]. Similarly, roughly five (5) years later, another series of earthquakes/tremors occurred again in Saki town, which was reported by an online news vendor named “Ripples Nigeria” dated September 8, 2021, under the sub-heading of “earth tremor rocks Saki in Oyo state”[2]. However, these events were not captured nor recorded by any of the functional seismological stations in Nigeria. The nearest seismological station located at the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) Ile-Ife, also failed to capture the events. We therefore seek to examine the instrumentation of the Nigerian National Network of Seismographic Stations. This is necessary to understand the functionalities and the capabilities of the deployed seismometers in each of the seismic stations. Therefore, we evaluated the bandpass limit of the seismic wave frequency for the respective seismic stations in Nigeria through the computation of the amplitude-frequency response curve, phase response curve, and count to cm/sec.

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“…Recently, there has been a tremendous improvement in seismic networks in terms of instrumentation and technologies providing high-resolution data [ 1 ]. Generally, based on the field of application, seismic acquisitions require instrumentation with different sensitivity and frequency ranges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optical accelerometers are mainly based on fiber optic sensing technology. Fiber optic sensing techniques such as distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) [ 1 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], fiber Bragg grating (FBG) [ 8 , 9 , 10 ], and fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ] have been extensively studied for vibration measurements in recent decades. Compared to the other accelerometers, they are immune to electromagnetic interference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serially Connected Cantilever Beam-Based FBG Accelerometers: Design, Optimization and Testing

Reghuprasad

Colombero

Godio

2023

Sensors

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We focus on the design, optimization, fabrication, and testing of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) cantilever beam-based accelerometers to measure vibrations from active seismic sources in the external environment. These FBG accelerometers possess several advantages, such as multiplexing, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and high sensitivity. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations, calibration, fabrication, and packaging of the simple cantilever beam-based accelerometer based on polylactic acid (PLA) are presented. The influence of the cantilever beam parameters on the natural frequency and sensitivity are discussed through FEM simulation and laboratory calibration with vibration exciter. The test results show that the optimized system has a resonance frequency of 75 Hz within a measuring range of 5–55 Hz and high sensitivity of ±433.7 pm/g. Finally, a preliminary field test is conducted to compare the packaged FBG accelerometer and standard electro-mechanical 4.5-Hz vertical geophones. Active-source (seismic sledgehammer) shots are acquired along the tested line, and both systems’ experimental results are analyzed and compared. The designed FBG accelerometers demonstrate suitability to record the seismic traces and to pick up the first arrival times. The system optimization and further implementation offer promising potential for seismic acquisitions.

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Recent advances in earthquake monitoring I: Ongoing revolution of seismic instrumentation

Cited by 21 publications

References 75 publications

Detecting the Unseen: Understanding the Mechanisms and Working Principles of Earthquake Sensors

Detecting the Unseen: Understanding the Mechanisms and Working Principles of Earthquake Sensors

Instrumentation of the Nigeria network of seismological stations

Serially Connected Cantilever Beam-Based FBG Accelerometers: Design, Optimization and Testing

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