Recent advances in extraction and processing of chitin using deep eutectic solvents

Li, Ziyan; Liu, Chaozheng; Hong, Shu; Lian, Hailan; Mei, Changtong; Lee, Juhyeon; Wu, Qinglin; Hubbe, Martin A.; Li, Mei‐Chun

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2022.136953

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…Interestingly, solvent engineering plays an important role in current attempts to develop greener routes for biomass processing [17b,27] . For example, deep eutectic solvents (DES) have been used for extracting and partially deacetylating chitin [17a,28] . Choline chloride is the most commonly used salt in DES, and processing scenarios entailing initial chitin extraction with DES followed by dilution in water and Ag ChOx‐fueled LPMO‐catalyzed modification or degradation are conceivable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ H₂O₂ Generation by Choline Oxidase and Its Application in Amino Polysaccharide Degradation by Coupling to Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase

et al. 2023

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Chitin, the most abundant amino polysaccharide in Nature, has many applications in different fields. However, processing of this recalcitrant biopolymer in an environmentally friendly manner remains a major challenge. In this context, lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are of interest, as they can act on the most recalcitrant parts of chitin and related insoluble biopolymers such as cellulose. Efficient LPMO catalysis can be achieved by feeding reactions with H 2 O 2 , but careful control of H 2 O 2 is required to avoid autocatalytic enzyme inactivation. Herein, we present a coupled enzyme system in which a choline oxidase from Arthrobacter globiformis is employed for controlled in situ generation of H 2 O 2 that fuels LPMO-catalyzed oxidative degradation of chitin. We show that the rate, stability and extent of the LPMO reaction can be manipulated by varying the amount of choline oxidase and/or its substrate, choline chloride, and that efficient peroxygenase reactions may be achieved using sub-μM concentrations of the H 2 O 2 -generating enzyme. This coupled system requires only sub-stoichiometric amounts of the reductant that is needed to keep the LPMO in its active, reduced state. It is conceivable that this enzyme system may be used for bioprocessing of chitin in choline-based natural deep eutectic solvents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ H₂O₂ Generation by Choline Oxidase and Its Application in Amino Polysaccharide Degradation by Coupling to Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase

et al. 2023

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“…For example, demineralization of chitin by choline chloride–malic acid is attributed to malic acid leaving the proteins and chitin weakening of the linkages within the inner structural organization of the shrimp shells [ 123 ]. The demineralization is realized through releasing hydrogen ions from DESs which react with the calcium carbonate in crustaceans resulting in solubilization and formation of calcium salts, water and carbon dioxide [ 129 ]. The removal of the calcium carbonate from crustaceans results in a less tight chitin-protein polymer.…”

Section: Chitin Extraction Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The removal of the calcium carbonate from crustaceans results in a less tight chitin-protein polymer. The DESs strongly interact with protein hydroxyl, carboxylic and amine groups consequently resulting in interruption of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds within the network of chitin-protein fibrils and subsequent separation of chitin-protein fibrils [ 129 ]. Although the DESs have been observed to dissolve up to 9 wt% of chitin for example, in ChCl/thiourea used in 1/2 molar ratio under 100 °C, the dissolved chitin could easily recovered by using water or ethanol [ 132 ].…”

Section: Chitin Extraction Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan: Sources, Processing and Modification Techniques

Pellis

Guebitz

Nyanhongo

2022

Gels

168

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Chitosan, a copolymer of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine, is derived from chitin. Chitin is found in cell walls of crustaceans, fungi, insects and in some algae, microorganisms, and some invertebrate animals. Chitosan is emerging as a very important raw material for the synthesis of a wide range of products used for food, medical, pharmaceutical, health care, agriculture, industry, and environmental pollution protection. This review, in line with the focus of this special issue, provides the reader with (1) an overview on different sources of chitin, (2) advances in techniques used to extract chitin and converting it into chitosan, (3) the importance of the inherent characteristics of the chitosan from different sources that makes them suitable for specific applications and, finally, (4) briefly summarizes ways of tailoring chitosan for specific applications. The review also presents the influence of the degree of acetylation (DA) and degree of deacetylation (DDA), molecular weight (Mw) on the physicochemical and biological properties of chitosan, acid-base behavior, biodegradability, solubility, reactivity, among many other properties that determine processability and suitability for specific applications. This is intended to help guide researchers select the right chitosan raw material for their specific applications.

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“…Chitin is the second most abundant natural polymer in the world, derived from the shrimps and crabs' exoskeletons. 51 It composes of β-1,4 linked D-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated unit). Although it has hydrophilicity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, the low solubility in common solvents significantly limited its application.…”

Section: Chitin-based Dn Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments of polysaccharide‐based double‐network hydrogels

Zhang

Shi

Zhou

2022

Journal of Polymer Science

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Polysaccharides possessing distinctive properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxicity, are promising matrices for hydrogels. However, the polysaccharides‐based hydrogels have poor mechanical properties, which is a major limitation for their applications. In recent years, researches on double‐network (DN) hydrogels with outstanding mechanical properties have gained increasing attention. Therefore, the main research orientation is to combine the benefits of both materials and broaden their applications in various fields. This paper reviews the recent progress of polysaccharide‐based DN (PDN) hydrogels that show great advantages in mechanical, physiochemical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability and so on. The preparation, structure, and unique properties of different PDN hydrogels are discussed in detail. Moreover, we summarize the applications of PDN hydrogels in biomedical and energy storage and conversion fields. This research progress is breaking through the limitations of PDN hydrogels and opening a new avenue for their future development.

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Recent advances in extraction and processing of chitin using deep eutectic solvents

Cited by 26 publications

References 155 publications

In situ H₂O₂ Generation by Choline Oxidase and Its Application in Amino Polysaccharide Degradation by Coupling to Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase

In situ H₂O₂ Generation by Choline Oxidase and Its Application in Amino Polysaccharide Degradation by Coupling to Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase

Chitosan: Sources, Processing and Modification Techniques

Recent developments of polysaccharide‐based double‐network hydrogels

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Recent advances in extraction and processing of chitin using deep eutectic solvents

Cited by 26 publications

References 155 publications

In situ H2O2 Generation by Choline Oxidase and Its Application in Amino Polysaccharide Degradation by Coupling to Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase

In situ H2O2 Generation by Choline Oxidase and Its Application in Amino Polysaccharide Degradation by Coupling to Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase

Chitosan: Sources, Processing and Modification Techniques

Recent developments of polysaccharide‐based double‐network hydrogels

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Product

Resources

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In situ H₂O₂ Generation by Choline Oxidase and Its Application in Amino Polysaccharide Degradation by Coupling to Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase

In situ H₂O₂ Generation by Choline Oxidase and Its Application in Amino Polysaccharide Degradation by Coupling to Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase