Recent advances in high charge density triboelectric nanogenerators

Abstract

Triboelectric materials with high charge density are the building-block for the commercial application of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Unstable dynamic processes influence the change of the charge density on the surface and inside of triboelectric materials. The charge density of triboelectric materials depends on the surface and the internal charge transfer processes. The focus of this review is on recent advances in high charge density triboelectric materials and advances in the fabrication of TENGs. We summarize the existing strategies for achieving high charge density in triboelectric materials as well as their fundamental properties. We then review current optimization methods for regulating dynamic charge transfer processes to increase the output charge density: first, increasing charge injection and limiting charge dissipation to achieve a high average surface charge density, and second, regulating the internal charge transfer process and storing charge in triboelectric materials to increase the output charge density. Finally, we present the challenges and prospects in developing high-performance triboelectric materials.

Recent advances in nature inspired triboelectric nanogenerators for self-powered systems

“…The concept of nature inspired TENG design offers promising avenues to address these challenges, drawing inspiration from the intricate mechanisms and structures found in the natural world [18][19][20][21][22][23]. By mimicking biological entities and processes, such as the efficient energy conversion mechanisms of plants and the unique surface textures of animal skins, researchers have begun to improve the material properties and structural designs of TENGs [24][25][26][27][28][29]. This bionic approach not only enhances the triboelectric performance through optimized surface properties and contact mechanics but also contributes to the development of more durable and adaptable TENG systems [30][31][32].…”