Recent Advances in Inflammatory Diagnosis with Graphene Quantum Dots Enhanced SERS Detection

Abstract

Inflammatory diseases are some of the most common diseases in different parts of the world. So far, most attention has been paid to the role of environmental factors in the inflammatory process. The diagnosis of inflammatory changes is an important goal for the timely diagnosis and treatment of various metastatic, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) can be used for the diagnosis of inflammation due to their excellent properties, such as high biocompatibility, low toxicity, high stability, and specific surface area. Additionally, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) allows the very sensitive structural detection of analytes at low concentrations by amplifying electromagnetic fields generated by the excitation of localized surface plasmons. In recent years, the use of graphene quantum dots amplified by SERS has increased for the diagnosis of inflammation. The known advantages of graphene quantum dots SERS include non-destructive analysis methods, sensitivity and specificity, and the generation of narrow spectral bands characteristic of the molecular components present, which have led to their increased application. In this article, we review recent advances in the diagnosis of inflammation using graphene quantum dots and their improved detection of SERS. In this review study, the graphene quantum dots synthesis method, bioactivation method, inflammatory biomarkers, plasma synthesis of GQDs and SERS GQD are investigated. Finally, the detection mechanisms of SERS and the detection of inflammation are presented.

The Pivotal Role of Quantum Dots-Based Biomarkers Integrated with Ultra-Sensitive Probes for Multiplex Detection of Human Viral Infections

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Bioresource-Functionalized Quantum Dots for Energy Generation and Storage: Recent Advances and Feature Perspective

“…The functionalized GQDs have enormous applications, such as drug delivery, bioimaging, batteries, sensors, etc. [ 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Recently, the synthesis of QDs from various bioresources has been influenced by the development of green and sustainable chemistry [ 62 , 63 , 64 ].…”

Smart Nanostructured Materials for SARS-CoV-2 and Variants Prevention, Biosensing and Vaccination

“…If plasmonic nanostructures are coupled with other optical probes, e.g., fluorescent molecules or Raman molecules, they may greatly enhance the optical signal and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of these probes through different chemical processes and physical mechanisms [ 121 , 122 , 123 ]. For example, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) uses plasmonic nanostructures to enhance the Raman scattering of nearby molecules, which has been broadly used in the detection and biosensing of biological molecules and various viruses [ 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 ].…”