Recent advances in lithium extraction from salt lake brine using coupled and tandem technologies

Zhang, Junxiang; Cheng, Zeyu; Qin, Xinbo; Gao, Xi; Wang, Min; Xiang, Xu

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2022.116225

Cited by 84 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…20−22 At the same time, researchers have recently begun using a combination of methods to extract lithium such as that based on a capacitive deionization (CDI) system, reaction-coupled separation technology, adsorption technology, and membrane technology. 23,24 Previous research on electrochemical Li extraction from brine mainly focused on the development of electrode materials and extraction systems. 25,26 In 1993, Kanoh et LiFePO 4 has a decent theoretical capacity of 170 mAh g −1 and excellent recyclability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its operation is simple, but nanofiltration membranes cannot directly separate lithium from salt lakes with a high Mg:Li ratio; moreover, it has high costs, including maintenance costs. The electrodialysis method requires higher water quality, the pretreatment system has higher costs, and it has a shorter service cycle. − Among the above methods, electrochemical extraction is the most promising technology due to its high selectivity, high efficiency, low energy consumption, and environment-friendliness. − At the same time, researchers have recently begun using a combination of methods to extract lithium such as that based on a capacitive deionization (CDI) system, reaction-coupled separation technology, adsorption technology, and membrane technology. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Performance of a Ni, Co-Doped LiMn₂O₄ Electrode for Lithium Extraction from Brine

et al. 2023

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Electrochemical extraction of Li + from salt lakes has the characteristics of high efficiency and low energy consumption, now becoming a research hotspot. The asymmetric lithium capacitor composed of de-lithiated Li 1−x Ni 0.025 Co 0.025 Mn 1.95 O 4 (LNCMO) and activated carbon is used as a system for electrochemical recovery of Li + . The consequence of cyclic voltammetry shows that lithium-ion diffusion is a process control step and Ni, Co doping is beneficial to improving the diffusion of lithium ions in the low-potential oxidation process and high-potential reduction process. The discharge capacity of LNCMO during a 50-cycle process is 122 mAh g −1 with a retention rate of 97.93% at 1 C, which is higher than that of the LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO)/AC system (107 mAh g −1 with a retention rate of 83.92%), proving that Ni, Co doping restrains the disproportionation reaction of LMO and increases the Li + diffusion coefficient of LMO, leading to a higher capacity and better cycle performance in brine. In 30 mM LiCl solution, the Li + extraction capacity of 1.86 mmol g −1 is obtained with an energy of 3.97 Wh mol −1 Li + under the optimal extraction conditions (i = 0.75 mA, T = 20 min). After 15 times of Li + insertion/extraction in simulated brine/recovery solution, the purity of the recovery solution reached 94.59%, indicating that the LNCMO/activated carbon system has good selectivity for Li ions and stability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Performance of a Ni, Co-Doped LiMn₂O₄ Electrode for Lithium Extraction from Brine

et al. 2023

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“…Rapid and selective ion transport is a critical factor in numerous fields, such as desalination, element extraction and recovery, and salinity gradient energy recovery. In the desalination process, for instance, efficient separation of the water molecules and sodium ions is crucial. − Similarly, in the context of lithium extraction from salt lakes, effective discrimination of the magnesium ions and lithium ions is a key factor in improving the extraction efficiency. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Ion Transport in Two-Dimensional Ti₃C₂T_x Nanochannel Decorated by Crown Ether

et al. 2023

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Ion sieving is a critical process employed in various applications, such as desalination and ion extraction. Nevertheless, achieving rapid and accurate ion sieving remains an exceptionally difficult task. Drawing inspiration from the effective ion sieving capabilities of biological ion channels, we present the development of two-dimensional Ti 3 C 2 T x ion nanochannels incorporating 4aminobenzo-15-crown-5-ether molecules as specific ion binding sites. These binding sites had a significant influence on the ion transport process and improved ion recognition. Permeation of both Na + and K + was facilitated because their ion diameters are compatible with the cavity in the ether ring. Moreover, owing to the strong electrostatic interactions, the permeation rate for Mg 2+ increased by a factor of 55 compared to that for the pristine channels, which was higher than those of all monovalent cations. Furthermore, the transport rate for Li + was relatively lower than those of Na + and K + , which was attributed to difficult binding of the Li + to the oxygens in the ether ring. Consequently, the ion selectivities of the composite nanochannel were up to 7.6 for Na + /Li + and 9.2 for Mg 2+ /Li + . Our work presents a straightforward approach to creating nanochannels exhibiting precise ion discrimination.

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“…More than 60% of the global lithium resources exist in salt lakes and seawater, with a much larger total content than lithium ores [6]. It is promising to develop efficient lithium recovery technology to extract lithium from aqueous solutions [7][8][9][10]. The electrochemical method is considered the most promising one due to its excellent lithium selectivity, high insertion capacity, low energy consumption, high reversibility, and eco-friendliness [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Lithium Extraction with Gas Flushing of Porous Electrodes

Wang

2023

Nanomaterials

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Electrochemical extraction of lithium from seawater/brine is receiving more and more attention because of its environment-friendly and energy-saving features. In this work, an electrochemical lithium extraction system with gas flushing of porous electrodes is proposed. We verified that the operation of multiple gas washes can significantly reduce the consumption of ultrapure water during the solution exchange and save the time required for the continuous running of the system. The water consumption of multiple gas flush operations is only 1/60 of that of a normal single flush to obtain a purity close to 100% in the recovery solution. By comparing the ion concentration distribution on the electrode surface in flow-through and flow-by-flow modes, we demonstrate that the flow-through mode performs better. We also verified the lithium extraction performance of the whole system, achieving a purity close to 100% and average energy consumption of 0.732 kWh∙kg−1 in each cycle from the source solution of the simulated Atacama salt lake water. These results provide a feasible approach for the large-scale operation of electrochemical lithium extraction from seawater/brine.

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Recent advances in lithium extraction from salt lake brine using coupled and tandem technologies

Cited by 84 publications

References 96 publications

Improved Performance of a Ni, Co-Doped LiMn₂O₄ Electrode for Lithium Extraction from Brine

Improved Performance of a Ni, Co-Doped LiMn₂O₄ Electrode for Lithium Extraction from Brine

Selective Ion Transport in Two-Dimensional Ti₃C₂T_x Nanochannel Decorated by Crown Ether

Electrochemical Lithium Extraction with Gas Flushing of Porous Electrodes

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Recent advances in lithium extraction from salt lake brine using coupled and tandem technologies

Cited by 84 publications

References 96 publications

Improved Performance of a Ni, Co-Doped LiMn2O4 Electrode for Lithium Extraction from Brine

Improved Performance of a Ni, Co-Doped LiMn2O4 Electrode for Lithium Extraction from Brine

Selective Ion Transport in Two-Dimensional Ti3C2Tx Nanochannel Decorated by Crown Ether

Electrochemical Lithium Extraction with Gas Flushing of Porous Electrodes

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Product

Resources

About

Improved Performance of a Ni, Co-Doped LiMn₂O₄ Electrode for Lithium Extraction from Brine

Improved Performance of a Ni, Co-Doped LiMn₂O₄ Electrode for Lithium Extraction from Brine

Selective Ion Transport in Two-Dimensional Ti₃C₂T_x Nanochannel Decorated by Crown Ether