Recent advances in nano‐scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: Toward natural therapeutics

Abstract

Among the promising methods for repairing or replacing tissue defects in the human body and the hottest research topics in medical science today are regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. On the other hand, nanotechnology has been expanded into different areas of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to its essential benefits in improving performance in various fields. Nanotechnology, a helpful strategy in tissue engineering, offers new solutions to unsolved problems. Especially considering the excellent physicochemical properties of nanoscale structures, their application in regenerative medicine has been gradually developed, and a lot of research has been conducted in this field. In this regard, various nanoscale structures, including nanofibers, nanosheets, nanofilms, nano‐clays, hollow spheres, and different nanoparticles, have been developed to advance nanotechnology strategies with tissue repair goals. Here, we comprehensively review the application of the mentioned nanostructures in constructing nanocomposite scaffolds for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing

Nano-Scaffold Containing a Functional Motif of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1 Enhances Neural Stem Cell Behavior and Promotes Synaptogenesis in a Traumatic Brain Injury Model

“…Furthermore, Nano-scaffolds should promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, facilitate controlled release of bioactive molecules for enhanced cell behavior and tissue regeneration, and have a high surface area-to-volume ratio allowing extensive cell-scaffold interaction [49][50][51][52][53][54].These characteristics are achieved by mimicking the natural ECM of neural tissue, which provides a supportive environment for cell growth and function [41,51,55]. Our data demonstrated that initial cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation of NSCs were signi cantly improved when encapsulated in the Nano-SDF compared to the R-GSIK.…”

“…Moreover, nano-scaffolds should possess suitable mechanical properties, such as stiffness and elasticity, aligned with the target neural tissue, to provide optimal support [49,[59][60][61][62]. For example, Young's elastic modulus of SAP hydrogels used in neural tissue engineering is an important parameter that can affect cell behavior and tissue regeneration [63].…”

Janus hydrogels: merging boundaries in tissue engineering for enhanced biomaterials and regenerative therapies

“…The three fundamental components of tissue engineering typically comprise seed cells, biomaterial scaffolds, and bioactive factors. 10,11 Hydrogels, as hydrophilic three-dimensional polymer networks, have gained significant momentum as highly versatile polymeric materials due to their resemblance to the natural extracellular matrix. A growing number of hydrogels allow cells and biomolecules to attach, have good biodegradability, and show high biocompat-ibility, enabling them to be safely cleared from the body without an immune or inflammatory response.…”

Synergistic effect of chitosan-alginate composite hydrogel enriched with ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol under hypoxic conditions on the behavior of mesenchymal stem cells for wound healing

“…To enhance the inherent wound-healing process, several novel drugs and dressing-based therapies have been developed in recent years [ 2 , 3 , 5 ]. A suitable wound dressing material must have sufficient mechanical strength and flexibility and the ability to adhere neither to the wound nor the surrounding tissue [ 2 , 6 ]. Among the commercialized versions of conventional wound dressings currently available in the market, cotton wool and gauze have taken up the majority of the market share [ 2 ].…”