Recent advances in Ni-based stable catalysts for methane dry reforming: Stable catalysts’ preparation review

Recent advances in promoting dry reforming of methane using nickel-based catalysts

“…153 Due to the restricted solution diffusion in the catalyst pores, IWI produces the least dispersed metal particles, whereas WI produces more dispersed particles due to the excess solvent. 12,154…”

“…This method involves the continuous mixing of the solution with the structure-directing agents (SDA), followed by the evaporation and the initiation of co-assembly with ordered mesopores. 154 Fig. 13 depicts the steps involved in the preparation of the materials.…”

“…In general, the particle size is large than those obtained from EISA. 154 Thus, the produced catalysts are mostly applied in the situation where promoters are added. Generally speaking, the metal (CoNiAl 2 O 4 , 163 Ni–Co/Al 2 O 3 –MgO–ZrO 2 , 164 CoWNi/Al 2 O 4 11 ), alkaline earth metal oxide (Ni–MgO/Al 2 O 3 165 ) and rare earth metal oxide (Ni–CeO 2 /Al 2 O 3 , 165,166 Ni/CeO 2 167 ) could be synthesized via the sol–gel method.…”

CO2 Reforming of Ethanol over Ni/Al2O3-(Zr–Yb)O2 Catalysts: The Effect of Zr:Al Ratio on Nickel Activity and Carbon Formation

“…In addition, ZrO 2 has demonstrated outstanding thermal stability, which is important for high-temperature reactions such as EDR. The Al 2 O 3 oxide can be used to improve the texture support characteristics due to its large specific surface area and porous structure, which facilitates the active-phase high dispersion and prevents its sintering. , The well-known Al 2 O 3 –ZrO 2 (AZ) oxide composites have been investigated as catalyst supports for a wide variety of reactions ,,, such as biogas conversion, alcohol conversion, CO 2 methanation, and reforming reactions demonstrating higher catalytic activity than that of classical supports such are pure ZrO 2 or Al 2 O 3 oxides. Changing the Al:Zr ratio of the catalyst support improves the acidic properties of alumina, which can enhance CO 2 adsorption and reduce carbon deposition on the catalyst surface.…”

“…However, the nickel supported on the alumina may form spinel structures during high-temperature treatments that make it difficult to further reduce the nickel particles . According to refs ,, , the presence of spinel forms improves the stability of metallic Ni. The formation of NiAl 2 O 4 during pretreatment results in a sharp decrease in carbon content in MDR, being this fact related to the size of the formed crystals .…”