Recent advances in passive cooling methods for photovoltaic performance enhancement

Abstract

The electrical output performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules are sensitive to temperature variations and the intensity of solar irradiance under prolonged exposure. Only 20% of solar irradiance is converted into useful electricity, and the remaining are dissipated as heat which in turns increases the module operating temperature. The increase in module operating temperature has an adverse impact on the open-circuit voltage (Voc), which results in the power conversion efficiency reduction and irreversible cell degradation rate. Hence, proper cooling methods are essential to maintain the module operating temperature within the standard test conditions (STC). This paper presents an overview of passive cooling methods for its feasibility and economic viability in comparison with active cooling. Three different passive cooling approaches are considered, namely phase change material (PCM), fin heat sink, and radiative cooling covering the discussions on the achieved cooling efficiency. The understanding of the above-mentioned state-of-the-art cooling technologies is vital for further modifications of existing PV modules to improve the efficiency of electrical output.

Experimental investigation of passively cooled photovoltaic modules on the power output performance

“…The FF can be used to determine the efficiency of a PV module at specific irradiance and temperature. The expected yield can be defined as (8) [28].…”

Temperature on PV Module Performance and its Latest Mitigation Techniques: A Review

“…The key purpose is to briefly summarize useful information for further improvement. A thorough survey of the latest PCT of photovoltaic modules is vital for subsequent modification of existing PVM to improve electrical output efficiency [77].…”

“…In addition, there is a large thermal contact resistance between a conventional columnar heat pipe and a flat solar panel, resulting in poor heat transfer efficiency. The new network of micro-heat pipes proposed by the authors in [87][88] has good contact with the solar panel due to its flat shape. The heat pipe has higher heat transfer efficiency and even temperature distribution, which can solve the problem of cooling solar panels.…”

Assessment Cooling of Photovoltaic Modules Using Underground Water

“…However, criteria must be adopted to choose the right system, such as cost, simplicity in manufacturing, and system life . Various cooling methods have been introduced to mitigate the costs associated with other systems which require more components (Ahmad, et al, 2021). However, water cooling of photovoltaics is considered as the most favorable method; it is more efficient in heat transfer.…”