Recent Advances in Photocatalytic Carboxylation with CO₂ via σ-Bond Cleavage

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2), as the main components of greenhouse gases, is one of the most abundant carbon sources at present. In organic chemistry, CO2 is often used as C1 synthon to synthesize carboxylic acids by constructing C-C bond. Transition metal catalysis has developed as a powerful tool for the conversion and utilization of CO2. In order to achieve the strategic goal of "double carbon", it is of great significance to develop green and sustainable CO2 conversion and utilization technology combined with contemporary hot topics in the field of organic chemistry. In recent years, the development of photocatalytic synthesis technology provied a new opportunity for the conversion and utilization of CO2. The bond breaking of C-H bond, C-O bond, C-N and C-X bond and carboxylation reactions with CO2 by photocatalysis strategy were systematically described.

γ-Butyrolactone Synthesis from Allylic Alcohols Using the CO2 Radical Anion

“…Alternatively, a sequential carboxylation using CO 2 or its equivalent, and subsequent lactonization, is an economical and straightforward approach for this purpose. − In this context, there are several methods for the direct synthesis of γ-butyrolactones by incorporation of CO 2 into simple and readily available substrates (Scheme ). A γ-metalated alcohol intermediate or analogous metallacycle can be carboxylated with CO 2 to yield the corresponding seven-membered metallacycle, which can then lead to γ-butyrolactones via intramolecular condensation.…”

Cleavage and Carboxylation of C—N Bonds in Cyclic Amines via Consecutive Photo-induced Electron Transfer

“…的催化转化与利用具有重要的意义. 以 CO 2 为羧基源的 羧基化反应研究具有悠久的历史, 获得了化学家们的广 泛关注 [1][2][3][4] . 这些羧基化反应具有比较好的适用性与可 行性, 已经在天然产物和药物分子的合成中得到了一定 的应用.…”