Recent advances in rechargeable battery materials: a chemist’s perspective

Abstract

The constant increase in global energy demand, together with the awareness of the finite supply of fossil fuels, has brought about an imperious need to take advantage of renewable energy sources. At the same time, concern over CO(2) emissions and future rises in the cost of gasoline has boosted technological efforts to make hybrid and electric vehicles available to the general public. Energy storage is a vital issue to be addressed within this scenario, and batteries are certainly a key player. In this tutorial review, the most recent and significant scientific advances in the field of rechargeable batteries, whose performance is dependent on their underlying chemistry, are covered. In view of its utmost current significance and future prospects, special emphasis is given to progress in lithium-based technologies.

Two-dimensional layered MoS2: rational design, properties and electrochemical applications

“…116,117 Due to the low atomic weight and the high absolute potential value of Li, the Li-ion battery (LIB) has been considered as a highly efficient energy storage system, with theoretical energy density values up to 400 W h kg À1 . 118 As for the development of advanced lithium ion batteries with smaller scale and larger capacity, the selection of suitable materials is still a promising field of research. Due to their typical layered structure, Li + ions can easily intercalate between the layers of MoS 2 .…”

High lithium anodic performance of highly nitrogen-doped porous carbon prepared from a metal-organic framework

“…8) and some transition metal oxides 9,10 with ultra-high theoretical capacities have been explored as anode materials for LIBs due to their special mechanisms for Li storage. Unfortunately, the large voltage hysteresis (in conventional electrodes) and huge volume expansion (in alloying electrodes) that occur in these materials during the Li insertion and extraction process severely limit their extensive applications in LIBs 11,12 . Therefore, researchers have continuously focused on preparing novel carbon-based anode materials with enhanced electrochemical performances for Li storage by virtue of their excellent cycling stability and high electrical conductivity.…”

Electrode Nanostructures in Lithium‐Based Batteries

“…Redox chemistry via conversion reaction provides higher energy densities, thus a rapid transition in research form intercalation to conversion occurred 5. In this regard, metals, their sulfides, oxides, phosphides and alloys bring very interesting performances 25, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121.…”

“…Several rechargeable battery systems like lead‐acid, nickel‐metal hydride, nickel‐cadmium and lithium‐based batteries are serving mankind from last one century. However, advancement in portable electronics and their high demands need faster and safer energy storage systems 5, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. Furthermore, the dream of electrification of the road market and electricity storage from intermittent energy production systems needs advanced rechargeable batteries 20.…”