Recent advances in removing phosphorus from wastewater and its future use as fertilizer (1997–2003)

de‐Bashan, Luz E.; Bashan, Yoav

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2004.07.014

Cited by 1,213 publications

(592 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…It can also be seen that the increase in ionic strength from 0.001 to 0.1 M led to a shift in the position of the pH edge toward the alkaline region, and also slightly enhanced the adsorption of phosphate in this range (7)(8)(9)(10). A similar phenomenon was also observed by Giesler et al using other metal oxides [38].…”

Section: Effect Of Ph and Ionic Strengthsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Various techniques such as chemical precipitation [4], adsorption [5], reverse osmosis [6], biological removal [7,8], and constructed wetlands [9] have been employed for removal of phosphate from wastewaters. Among these available approaches, chemical precipitation and biological removal are generally not able to meet the stringent effluent standards and reverse osmosis is a high capital cost, while the adsorption methods proved to be more promising due to their low cost, effective treatment in dilute solutions, and high uptake capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of phosphate from water by a Fe–Mn binary oxide adsorbent

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2009

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

386

155

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a b s t r a c tPhosphate removal is important in the control of eutrophication of water bodies and adsorption is one of the promising approaches for this purpose. A Fe-Mn binary oxide adsorbent with a Fe/Mn molar ratio of 6:1 for phosphate removal was synthesized by a simultaneous oxidation and coprecipitation process. Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate adsorption kinetics and equilibrium, in batch mode. The effects of different experimental parameters, namely contact time, initial phosphate concentration, solution pH, and ionic strength on the phosphate adsorption were investigated. The adsorption data were analyzed by both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models and the data were well fit by the Freundlich isotherm model. Kinetic data correlated well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting that the adsorption process might be chemical sorption. The maximal adsorption capacity was 36 mg/g at pH 5.6. The phosphate adsorption was highly pH dependent. The effects of anions such as Cl À ; SO 4 2À , and CO 3 2À on phosphate removal were also investigated. The results suggest that the presence of these ions had no significant effect on phosphate removal. The phosphate removal was mainly achieved by the replacement of surface hydroxyl groups by the phosphate species and formation of inner-sphere surface complexes at the water/oxide interface. In addition, the adsorbed phosphate ions can be effectively desorbed by dilute NaOH solutions. This adsorbent, with large adsorption capacity and high selectivity, is therefore a very promising adsorbent for the removal of phosphate ions from aqueous solutions.

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Section: Effect Of Ph and Ionic Strengthsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of phosphate from water by a Fe–Mn binary oxide adsorbent

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2009

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

386

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides crucial for environmental protection effect of wastewater purification (eutrophisation prevention), separated crystal product is regarded as an important, secondary phosphorus source. Recovered struvite can be further conversed or used directly as mineral fertilizer for agriculture [3], [4].Efficiencies of struvite nucleation and mass crystallization processes are strongly dependent on crystallizer, including: appropriate construction [5], spatial arrangement of reagent inlet places [6] and proper selection of its continuous work parameters [7], [8]. In most DTM (Draft Tube Magma) type crystallizers adjustment of working supersaturation can be achieved by arrangement of controlled internal circulation of suspension inside the apparatus [9].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Recovery of Struvite from Phosphorus Mineral Fertilizer Industry Wastewater in Continuous Jet Pump Crystallizer

Hutnik¹,

Kozik²,

Mazieńczuk³

et al. 2016

IJCEA

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type crystallizer with internal circulation of suspension driven by jet pump fed with compressed air was used. Effect of pH and mean residence time of suspension in a crystallizer on the product crystals quality was determined. Product crystals of mean size from ca. 23 to ca. 40 m were manufactured. The largest struvite crystals, of acceptable homogeneity, were produced at 20% excess of magnesium ions, pH 9 and for mean residence time elongated up to 3600 s. Concentration of phosphate(V) ions decreased from 0.445 mass % in a feed to 9.0•10 -4 mass % in a postprocessed mother liquor. In a product, besides main component -struvite, also amorphous calcium phosphate(V) (ACP) was detected, accompanied with hydroxides of some metal impurities present in wastewater.Index Terms-Struvite, industrial wastewater, continuous reaction crystallization, continuous DTM crystallizer, jet pump, compressed air, product quality, phosphorus recycling. I. INTRODUCTIONStruvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 · 6H 2 O, MAP) precipitates in ambient temperature from supersaturated aqueous solutions of magnesium phosphate(V) in presence of ammonium ions, within pH 7-11 (solubility product pK sp = 9.0 -13.26) [1]. Process course and results are mainly influenced by: pH, working supersaturation in mother solution, temperature, presence of impurities, mixing intensity and crystallizer construction [2]. In modern processes of phosphorus recycling struvite production results from contacting magnesium and ammonium ions (e.g. aqueous solution of magnesium chloride and some ammonium salt) with  Manuscript received March 27, 2015; revised May 24, 2015. This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland within a frame of statutory activity grant realized in Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology.N. Hutnik, A. Kozik, A. Mazienczuk, and A. Matynia are with Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland (e-mail: nina.hutnik@pwr.edu.pl, anna.kozik@pwr.edu.pl, agata.mazienczuk@pwr. edu.pl, andrzej.matynia@pwr.edu.pl).K. Piotrowski is with Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland (e-mail: krzysztof.piotrowski@polsl.pl).preliminary purified municipal, industrial or agricultural (liquid manure) wastewaters containing phosphate(V) ions. Process runs under precisely determined and controlled hydrodynamic conditions, inside an appropriately designed crystallizer [3]. Besides crucial for environmental protection effect of wastewater purification (eutrophisation prevention), separated crystal product is regarded as an important, secondary phosphorus source. Recovered struvite can be further conversed or used directly as mineral fertilizer for agriculture [3], [4].Efficiencies of struvite nucleation and mass crystallization processes are strongly dependent on crystallizer, including: appropriate construction [5], spatial arrangement of reagent inlet places [6] and proper selection of its continuous work parameters [7], [8]. In most DTM (Draft...

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