Recent Advances in Silicon‐Based Electrodes: From Fundamental Research toward Practical Applications

Ge, Mingzheng; Cao, Chunyan; Biesold, Gill M.; Sewell, Christopher D.; Hao, Shu‐Meng; Huang, Jianying; Zhang, Wei; Lai, Yuekun; Lin, Zhiqun

doi:10.1002/adma.202004577

Cited by 252 publications

(251 citation statements)

References 385 publications

(459 reference statements)

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“…[ 26 , 27 ] Thus, the application of the Li‐ion concept through the replacement of the metallic lithium with a stable and non‐reactive anode based on lithium intercalation, [28] conversion, [29] or alloying [30] may actually represent an attractive compromise to safely exploit the multi‐electron conversion process of the Li−S battery. [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ] In particular, Li‐alloys with Sn[ 37 , 38 ] and Si [39] or their oxides[ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ] exploiting the nanostructured morphology have revealed higher capacity compared to graphite (372 mAh g −1 ), with values ranging from 500 to 1000 mAh g −1 , due to the multiple lithium‐ion exchange per molar unit of metal. Another raising point has been represented by the sustainability of the new energy storage devices, which focused the attention on the necessity of eco‐friendly materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Stable High‐Capacity Lithium‐Ion Battery Using a Biomass‐Derived Sulfur‐Carbon Cathode and Lithiated Silicon Anode

et al. 2021

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A full lithium‐ion‐sulfur cell with a remarkable cycle life was achieved by combining an environmentally sustainable biomass‐derived sulfur‐carbon cathode and a pre‐lithiated silicon oxide anode. X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry of the cathode evidenced the disordered nature of the carbon matrix in which sulfur was uniformly distributed with a weight content as high as 75 %, while scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed the micrometric morphology of the composite. The sulfur‐carbon electrode in the lithium half‐cell exhibited a maximum capacity higher than 1200 mAh gS−1, reversible electrochemical process, limited electrode/electrolyte interphase resistance, and a rate capability up to C/2. The material showed a capacity decay of about 40 % with respect to the steady‐state value over 100 cycles, likely due to the reaction with the lithium metal of dissolved polysulfides or impurities including P detected in the carbon precursor. Therefore, the replacement of the lithium metal with a less challenging anode was suggested, and the sulfur‐carbon composite was subsequently investigated in the full lithium‐ion‐sulfur battery employing a Li‐alloying silicon oxide anode. The full‐cell revealed an initial capacity as high as 1200 mAh gS−1, a retention increased to more than 79 % for 100 galvanostatic cycles, and 56 % over 500 cycles. The data reported herein well indicated the reliability of energy storage devices with extended cycle life employing high‐energy, green, and safe electrode materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Stable High‐Capacity Lithium‐Ion Battery Using a Biomass‐Derived Sulfur‐Carbon Cathode and Lithiated Silicon Anode

et al. 2021

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“…Though nanostructured strategy could solve the solid-state diffusion issue in thick electrodes, the deteriorated wettability of the electrode with the electrolyte, the increased ion transfer distance, and the limited charge transport kinetics induce the considerable polarization and inferior rate performance, especially at high charging/discharging current densities. [36,37] Thus, a high Li-ion diffusivity in the electrolyte is also necessary. The effective ionic diffusion coefficient D eff in electrolytes can be defined as [38] eff…”

Section: Basic Consideration On Batteries Electrode Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercialization‐Driven Electrodes Design for Lithium Batteries: Basic Guidance, Opportunities, and Perspectives

Cao

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2021

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vehicles (HEVs), because of their high energy density and long lifetime. [1][2][3] In recent years, the ever-growing demand on electric vehicles contributes to the continuous growth of the battery market, and the energy storage devices of EVs/HEVs raise stern demands on higher energy density (>300 Wh kg −1 ) and lower cost (500 Wh kg −1 ), and the standard parameters for different electrode systems toward this high energy density goal are well summarized in the previous works. [7][8][9] In particular, the innovative battery chemistries (i.e., Li-metal battery and all-solid-state lithium battery) using Li metal as anode, exhibit much higher energy density than current lithium-ion batteries, whereas some technological issues are needed to be addressed first, such as dendrite formation suppression, industrial battery Current lithium-ion battery technology is approaching the theoretical energy density limitation, which is challenged by the increasing requirements of ever-growing energy storage market of electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and portable electronic devices. Although great progresses are made on tailoring the electrode materials from methodology to mechanism to meet the practical demands, sluggish mass transport, and charge transfer dynamics are the main bottlenecks when increasing the areal/volumetric loading multiple times to commercial level. Thus, this review presents the state-of-the-art developments on rational design of the commercialization-driven electrodes for lithium batteries. First, the basic guidance and challenges (such as electrode mechanical instability, sluggish charge diffusion, deteriorated performance, and safety concerns) on constructing the industry-required high mass loading electrodes toward commercialization are discussed. Second, the corresponding design strategies on cathode/anode electrode materials with high mass loading are proposed to overcome these challenges without compromising energy density and cycling durability, including electrode architecture, integrated configuration, interface engineering, mechanical compression, and Li metal protection. Finally, the future trends and perspectives on commercializationdriven electrodes are offered. These design principles and potential strategies are also promising to be applied in other...

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“…[ 1–3 ] For that, batteries based on Si anode offers us with tremendous opportunities for its high theoretical capacity, suitable electrochemical potential, and low cost. [ 4,5 ] However, it suffers from great volume changes (>300%) upon lithiation/delithiation based on the alloying/dealloying mechanism, exposing Si particles to mechanical fatigue that results in the electrode pulverization and instability of solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI). [ 6,7 ] As is often the case, Si anode experiences dramatic capacity decay with low Coulombic efficiency (CE), which presents a great barrier for the commercialization of Si‐based lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolyte Design Enabling a High‐Safety and High‐Performance Si Anode with a Tailored Electrode–Electrolyte Interphase

et al. 2021

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Silicon (Si) anodes are advantageous for application in lithium‐ion batteries in terms of their high theoretical capacity (4200 mAh g−1), appropriate operating voltage (<0.4 V vs Li/Li+), and earth‐abundancy. Nevertheless, a large volume change of Si particles emerges with cycling, triggering unceasing breakage/re‐formation of the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) and thereby the fast capacity degradation in traditional carbonate‐based electrolytes. Herein, it is demonstrated that superior cyclability of Si anode is achievable using a nonflammable ether‐based electrolyte with fluoroethylene carbonate and lithium oxalyldifluoroborate dual additives. By forming a high‐modulus SEI rich in fluoride (F) and boron (B) species, a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 90.2% is attained in Si/Li cells, accompanied with a low capacity‐fading rate of only 0.0615% per cycle (discharge capacity of 2041.9 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles). Full cells pairing the unmodified Si anode with commercial LiFePO4 (≈13.92 mg cm−2) and LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (≈17.9 mg cm−2) cathodes further show extended service life to 150 and 60 cycles, respectively, demonstrating the superior cathode‐compatibility realized with a thin and F, B‐rich cathode electrolyte interface. This work offers an easily scalable approach in developing high‐performance Si‐based batteries through Si/electrolyte interphase regulation.

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Recent Advances in Silicon‐Based Electrodes: From Fundamental Research toward Practical Applications

Cited by 252 publications

References 385 publications

A Stable High‐Capacity Lithium‐Ion Battery Using a Biomass‐Derived Sulfur‐Carbon Cathode and Lithiated Silicon Anode

A Stable High‐Capacity Lithium‐Ion Battery Using a Biomass‐Derived Sulfur‐Carbon Cathode and Lithiated Silicon Anode

Commercialization‐Driven Electrodes Design for Lithium Batteries: Basic Guidance, Opportunities, and Perspectives

Electrolyte Design Enabling a High‐Safety and High‐Performance Si Anode with a Tailored Electrode–Electrolyte Interphase

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