Recent advances in supramolecular and biological aspects of arene ruthenium(II) complexes

Exploiting Natural Products to Build Metalla-Assemblies: The Anticancer Activity of Embelin-Derived Rh(III) and Ir(III) Metalla-Rectangles

“…When dealing with three-legged piano-stool complexes, a strategy has emerged from the group of Süss-Fink [12], in which two oxalato-bridged dinuclear p-cymene ruthenium complexes were assembled with two 4,4'-bipyridine linear connectors to afford a tetracationic metalla-rectangle. This strategy is now widely used to generate two-and three-dimensional arene ruthenium assemblies [13], and it has been extended to half-sandwich rhodium and iridium complexes [14].…”

In Vivo Enzymes Activities of Some Ru(II) Compounds with N-Alkylphenothiazines

“…LDH isoenzymes (LDH [1][2][3][4][5] ) were detected by vertical electrophoresis on non-denaturing 7% PAGE using a Tris-glycine buffer, following the methods described [39]. The isoenzymes bands were detected using lithium lactate as a substrate in the presence of cofactors NADH and tetrazolium blue.…”

“…Metal complexes of ruthenium have been for more than twenty years in the focus of many researches in chemistry [1][2][3][4] as well as in medicine [5,6]. Their properties can be altered by the choice of ligands, which means that complexes potentially have multiple applications.…”

“…The advantage of ruthenium complexes is their relatively low toxicity [6,11], lower than cisplatin, which can partly be explained by its reduced reactivity to DNA in intact cells. Many biological properties have been attributed to ruthenium complexes including antioxidant activity [12,13] and cytotoxicity [3,9,10]. Anticancer activities of Ru(II)-DMSO complexes are known for many years and some of them are in intensively clinical trials [14,15], while Ru(II)-arene complexes have been also widely studied as anticancerogenic compounds [3,16].…”

“…Many biological properties have been attributed to ruthenium complexes including antioxidant activity [12,13] and cytotoxicity [3,9,10]. Anticancer activities of Ru(II)-DMSO complexes are known for many years and some of them are in intensively clinical trials [14,15], while Ru(II)-arene complexes have been also widely studied as anticancerogenic compounds [3,16]. Previous investigations of enzyme activities of ruthenium complexes demonstrated a slight induction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the rat liver tissue [17], but also an inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and cytochrome oxidase (COX) activities in the brain, heart, skeletal muscle, liver and kidney of rats [18].…”