Recent advances in surface plasmon resonance imaging and biological applications

Plasmonic and metamaterial biosensors: a game-changer for virus detection

“…Surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) is a real-time optical detection technique that monitors and analyzes biomolecular interactions without using any labels. While SPR and SPRi share similar detection principles, the latter provides highthroughput biosensing or screening capabilities [97][98][99][100] . The most commonly used experimental setup for SPRi based on Kretschmann geometry 97,100 .…”

“…The combination of LSPRs that are obtained by nanoparticles close to the metallic surface and SPRs has been shown to enhance SPRi sensitivity in viral diagnostics 99,100 . SPRi biosensors have been demonstrated so far based on angles, wavelengths, phases, and polarization interrogations [97][98][99][100] .…”

“…The combination of LSPRs that are obtained by nanoparticles close to the metallic surface and SPRs has been shown to enhance SPRi sensitivity in viral diagnostics 99,100 . SPRi biosensors have been demonstrated so far based on angles, wavelengths, phases, and polarization interrogations [97][98][99][100] . Angleresolved interrogation mode, for example, continuously scans the incident angle with a fixed wavelength, while wavelength interrogation mode, fixes the incident angle whereas SPR spectral profile and dip can be obtained by scanning the incident wavelength [97][98][99][100] .…”

“…While SPR and SPRi share similar detection principles, the latter provides high-throughput biosensing or screening capabilities. [97][98][99][100] The most commonly used experimental setup for SPRi is based on Kretschmann geometry. 97,100 By using, for instance, the changes in reflectivity of a thin gold film that occur upon analyte absorption, SPRi measurements allow for monitoring tens, hundreds, or even thousands of interactions simultaneously.…”

“…99,100 SPRi biosensors have been demonstrated so far based on angles, wavelengths, phases, and polarization interrogations. [97][98][99][100] Angle-resolved interrogation mode, for example, continuously scans the incident angle with a fixed wavelength, while wavelength interrogation mode fixes the incident angle, whereas the SPR spectral profile and dip can be obtained by scanning the incident wavelength. [97][98][99][100] Consequently, SPRi configurations provide a variety of applications for molecular sensing, healthcare testing and environmental screening with high throughput characteristics.…”