Recent advances in testicular cell culture: Implications for toxicology

Chapin, Robert E.; Phelps, Jerry

doi:10.1016/0887-2333(90)90115-a

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 196 publications

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“…, 1992) suggests that the plasma membranes of most testicular cells may be greatly susceptible to free radical attack. The fact that germ cells, despite a high GSH level, are not well equipped to combat oxidative stress or xenobiotic‐mediated injury probably explains the high sensitivity of these cells to ionising radiation (Le Grande, 1970), to drugs (Gomes, 1970) and also, the extremely limited viability of isolated spermatogenetic cells in culture (Chapin & Phelps, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant enzyme activity and MDA level in the rat testis following chronic administration of ghrelin

et al. 2009

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Ghrelin has recently been reported to exert beneficial effects on various oxidative stresses as a result of its antioxidant properties. Therefore, we designed this study to explore the probable antioxidative effects of this peptide in the testis. Twenty-eight male adult Wistar rats were divided into equal control and treatment groups. In the treatment group, 1 nmol of ghrelin was administered as subcutaneous injection for 10 consecutive days or vehicle (physiological saline) to the control rats. The control and treated rats were killed on days 6 and 10 after beginning of ghrelin injection (n = 7 from each group on each day). The testes were taken and measured for antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Glutathione peroxidase activity significantly increased on day 10 in the treated animals compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Although the mean activity of glutathione peroxidase was greater on day 6 in the ghrelin-treated group than in the control animals, it was not statistically significant. There were no significant differences in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities between the groups. However, MDA level decreased by ghrelin treatment on day 10 compared with the control rats (P < 0.05). The results of this study indicate for the first time novel evidences for antioxidant properties of ghrelin in the rat testis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant enzyme activity and MDA level in the rat testis following chronic administration of ghrelin

et al. 2009

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“…Furthermore, the high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids in mammalian testes previously reported [53,54] suggests that the plasma membranes of testicular cells may be greatly susceptible to free radical attack. The fact that germ cells, despite a high GSH level, are not well equipped to combat oxidative stress or xenobiotic-mediated injury probably explains the high sensitivity of these cells to ionizing radiation [30] and to drugs [29] and, also, the extremely limited viability of isolated spermatogenetic cells in culture [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant system in rat testicular cells

1994

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The activity of the enzymes involved in the antioxidant defence -superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reductdse (GR), S-transferase (GST) ~ as well as the glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in different rat testicular cell populations. A differential distribution of these components among testicular cell types was clearly observed. Sertoli and peritubular cells had elevated SOD and GSH-dependent enzyme activities associated with a high GSH content. Compared with the somatic cells, pachytene spermatocytes (PS) and round spermatids (RS) presented a different antioxidant system characterized by higher SOD activity and GSH content associated with very low GSH-dependent enzyme activity. Spermatozoa exhibited the same enzymatic system as PS and RS but were devoid of GSH. Interstitial tissue displayed high GSH content, moderate SOD and GSH-related enzyme activity except for GPx which was very elevated. It is concluded that the different categories of testicular cells probably display a highly variable susceptibility to oxidative stress.

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“…According to Chapin and Phelps (1990), "the most widely used cell preparation for in vitro toxicology studies of testicular cells has been the Sertoli cell, either alone or together with germ cells. "…”

Section: The Use Of Sertoli Cell Cultures and Cocultures In Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The toxicity of dinitrobenzene isomers, of phtalates, gossypol, glycol ethers, and trifluoroethanol was investigated in vitro (Zhuang, et al, 1983;Chapin and Phelps, 1990). The toxicity of dinitrobenzene isomers, of phtalates, gossypol, glycol ethers, and trifluoroethanol was investigated in vitro (Zhuang, et al, 1983;Chapin and Phelps, 1990).…”

Section: The Use Of Sertoli Cell Cultures and Cocultures In Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sertoli cell in vivo and in vitro

Jégou

1992

Cell Biol Toxicol

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The Sertoli cell extends from the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubule towards its lumen; it sends cytoplasmic processes which envelop different generations of germ cells. The use of Sertoli cell culture began to develop in 1975. To reduce germ cell contamination immature animals are generally used as Sertoli cell donors. Sertoli cell mitosis essentially occurs in sexually immature testes in mammals; mitosis of these cells is observed in vitro during a limited period of time. Sertoli cells in vivo perform an impressive range of functions: structural support of the seminiferous epithelium, displacement of germ cells and release of sperm; formation of the Sertoli cell blood-testis barrier; secretion of factors and nutrition of germ cells; phagocytosis of degenerating germ cells and of germ cell materials. Some of the Sertoli cell functions can be studied in vitro. The recent development of Sertoli cell culture on permeable supports (with or without extracellular matrix) has resulted in progress in understanding the vectorial secretion of several Sertoli cell markers. In addition to FSH and testosterone, several other humoral factors are known to influence Sertoli cell function. Furthermore, myoid cells bordering the tubules as well as germ cells are capable of regulating Sertoli cell activity. Sertoli cells are the most widely used testicular cells for in vitro toxicology. The testis is highly vulnerable to xenobiotics and radiations, yet the number of studies undertaken in this field is insufficient and should be drastically increased.

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Recent advances in testicular cell culture: Implications for toxicology

Cited by 16 publications

References 196 publications

Antioxidant enzyme activity and MDA level in the rat testis following chronic administration of ghrelin

Antioxidant enzyme activity and MDA level in the rat testis following chronic administration of ghrelin

Antioxidant system in rat testicular cells

The Sertoli cell in vivo and in vitro

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