Recent Advances in the Acclimation Mechanisms and Genetic Improvement of Peanut for Drought Tolerance

Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops that are cultivated worldwide. Peanut production is now greatly limited by drought stress, which is a major environmental challenge. The urgent task for current peanut research is thus to study the underlying mechanisms of peanut drought tolerance, to identify genes that are closely associated with drought tolerance, and to create new germplasms/varieties with high drought tolerance. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the acclimation mechanisms to water deficiency and the genetic improvement of peanut for drought tolerance, and propose the perspectives for the future peanut research.

Sustaining yield and nutritional quality of peanuts in harsh environments: Physiological and molecular basis of drought and heat stress tolerance

“…The tolerant germplasms (#11, #34, #49, A596, Datangyou, Fenghua 1, Huayu 17, Huayu 21, Huayu 22, Huayu 25, Huayu 27, Ji 0212-4, Jihua 2, Jihua 4, L19, L121, L146, Luhua 14, NC6, Rugaoxiyangsheng, Shanhua 11, Tai 0125, Tai 0005, Taihua 4, Tangke 8, Xianghua 2008, Xianghua 55, Xuhua 13, Yuanza 9102, Yuanza 9307, Yueyou 7, Zhonghua 8) display increased root to shoot ratio and the enhanced root length and density, particularly in the deep soil, in comparison to those grown under normal growth conditions. The dragon-type (runner) peanuts, such as ‘A596’ and ‘Rugaoxiyangsheng,’ were more tolerant, followed by Virginia, Spanish, intermediate, and Valencia peanuts ( Yang et al, 2019 ).…”

Influence of Peanut Varieties on the Sensory Quality of Peanut Butter

“…The cultivated species of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an allotetraploid (genome AABB) and comes from the Arachis segment of the Luguminosae family [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaënsis , having gone through a series of multiple hybridizations and duplication processes, are believed to be the two progenitors of the modern cultivated peanut varieties [ 30 , 32 ]. Further, the cultivated peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) can be classified into subspecies: subsp.…”

“…The use of genomic tools has greatly increased the precision and speed at which new peanut breeds with targeted desirable traits are developed and brought onto the market, while circumventing the confounding effects of environmental conditions that are normally encountered in conventional breeding [ 33 , 41 , 48 ]. Using these recent technological advances, several research studies have been carried out with the aim of amplifying the expression of some desirable traits in peanuts [ 30 , 41 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. The results of these efforts and many others have brought about considerable variability in the morphological, physiological, and agronomic traits of cultivated peanuts [ 1 , 29 , 52 , 53 , 54 ], thereby inadvertently altering the chemical composition and metabolite profiles of peanuts in a significant way and greatly affecting the organoleptic quality of peanut-based products [ 55 , 56 ].…”

Genetic mapping of drought tolerance traits phenotyped under varying drought stress environments in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

“…Flowering and pod setting stages are considered most critical for water stress in peanut (Xiong et al 2016). Prolonged drought can cause reduction in root growth and density, curling of leaves, reduced inter-nodal length which in turn affect the absorption activity and efficient water usage resulting in delayed flowering and anthesis, reduced flower and pod number (Zhang et al 2012;Yang et al 2019). Biochemically, photosynthesis and ATP biosynthesis are affected, which leads to a significant reduction in productivity (Liu et al 2013).…”