Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer

Cheung, Gordon C. K.; Sahai, Amit; Billia, Michele; Dasgupta, Prokar; Khan, Mohammad Shamim

doi:10.1186/1741-7015-11-13

Cited by 156 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Transurethral resection is the gold standard method for defining the muscle invasiveness of bladder cancer. The most widely adopted noninvasive urine test is cytology, which has good specificity and sensitivity for the detection of high-grade tumors, but poor sensitivity for low-grade tumors [13] and often takes time to generate results [14]. To discover novel markers that are more specific and sensitive in detecting bladder cancer, we examined the methylation status of ZAR1 , which has been reported to be aberrantly methylated in mouse skin tumors and human tumors such as melanoma, brain tumor, and hepatocellular carcinoma [6,7,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Frequent Differentially Methylated Region in Sporadic Bladder Cancers

Hasegawa

Fujiwara²,

Obinata³

et al. 2014

Urol Int

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Introduction: Aberrant methylation levels in the cytosine-phosphate-guanine island (CpGi) region from exon 1 to intron 1 of the zygote arrest 1 (ZAR1) gene have been reported in several types of human cancers, including melanoma, brain tumor, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present study, methylation levels at the CpGi of ZAR1 exon 1/intron 1 in bladder cancer specimens were analyzed using mass spectrometry. Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 20 sporadic bladder cancers, and the methylation levels at ZAR1 CpGi were quantitatively examined by the MassARRAY EpiTYPER method. Result: The methylation levels at specific CpG sites of the ZAR1 CpGi were significantly lower in high-grade bladder cancers than in low-grade tumors. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated a decreased methylation level at CpG sites of ZAR1 exon 1/intron 1. CpGi could serve as a biomarker for invasive bladder cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Frequent Differentially Methylated Region in Sporadic Bladder Cancers

Hasegawa

Fujiwara²,

Obinata³

et al. 2014

Urol Int

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“…Fifty patients (43 men and 7 women) with primary bladder cancer were included in the study. All patients have been admitted and investigated for hematuria and/or positive urinary cytology (Table 1) [8][9][10][11]. A standard investigative protocol which included general clinical examination, blood tests, urine culture, abdominal ultrasonography, IVP (intravenous pyelography) and eventually a CT scan was applied in all cases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Hexaminolevulinate Photodynamic Diagnosis of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Papazoglou¹,

Varkarakis²,

Chrisofos³

et al. 2017

Med Surg Urol

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Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy of hexaminolevulinate fluorescence cystoscopy as a diagnostic tool for bladder cancer. The study was a case series in the Department of Urology in Hippokratio General Hospital of Athens between October 2008 and May 2012. Methods:Fifty patients (43 males and 7 females) who were investigated for hematuria were included in the study. White light cystoscopy (WLC) was first performed in all patients and after was performed a fluorescence cystoscopy (BLC-blue light cystoscopy). Biopsies were collected from any suspicious area and resection of the tumors identified (TUR).Whenever no suspicious areas could be seen, a standard random mapping including 8 biopsies overall was completed. Results:Patients demographic data and clinical history are presented in Table 1. Two-hundred twenty specimens were extracted and bladder cancer was diagnosed in 137. There were 17 CIS lesions all diagnosed with BLC whereas only 11 with WLC. WLC correctly diagnosed 109/140 specimens and the positive and negative predictive values were 77.9% and 65% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 79.6% and 62.6% respectively. BLC diagnosed 125/169 specimens and the positive and negative predictive values were 73.9% and 76.5% respectively. The sensitivity of BLC was 91.2% and the specificity 46.9%. Conclusion:Hexaminolevulinate-guided cystoscopy is a valuable diagnostic method, with considerably improved accuracy and improvement in diagnosis of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and especially CIS.

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“…[1][2][3] É o sétimo cancro mais frequente no mundo, com aproximadamente 336 000 novos casos estimados/ano, em particular nos países desenvolvidos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…[1][2][3] É o sétimo cancro mais frequente no mundo, com aproximadamente 336 000 novos casos estimados/ano, em particular nos países desenvolvidos. 2,4 Em Portugal, segundo dados do relatório de doenças oncológicas, o CB tem a oitava maior taxa de incidência, tendo sido responsável pela morte de 940 doentes no ano de 2014, valor que manifesta uma tendência de crescimento face aos anos anteriores.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Smoking Cessation after Bladder Cancer Diagnosis

Mota

Sousa

Botelho³

et al. 2018

Acta Med Port

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RESUMOIntrodução: O tabagismo é um importante fator de risco para o desenvolvimento, recorrência e progressão do cancro da bexiga. Este estudo pretendia analisar os hábitos tabágicos após o diagnóstico em doentes com cancro da bexiga. Adicionalmente, foi avaliado o reconhecimento do tabagismo como fator de risco e a atuação médica na promoção da cessação tabágica. Smoking was acknowledged as a risk factor by 74.4% of the sample, with only 51.3% of ever smokers and 24.4% of non-smokers recognizing smoking as the leading risk factor (p = 0.008). The presence of other household smokers were significantly higher in patients who continued smoking (40%) than in ex-smokers after diagnosis (4.2%) (p = 0.005). The majority of smokers at diagnosis (83.1%) were advised to quit by their urologist, but only one smoker (1.7%) was offered any specific intervention to aid in cessation. Discussion: Smoking is not recognized as the leading risk factor for bladder cancer. This limited awareness, associated with the known difficulties in quitting smoking and the observed lack of smoking cessation interventions, may account for the high current smoking prevalence, albeit in line with other studies. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for efficient smoking cessation programs directed to bladder cancer patients. Keywords: Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms INTRODUÇÃOO cancro da bexiga (CB) é uma das neoplasias malignas mais frequente do trato urinário, com uma incidência 3 -4 vezes mais elevada nos homens do que nas mulheres. [1][2][3] É o sétimo cancro mais frequente no mundo, com aproximadamente 336 000 novos casos estimados/ano, em particular nos países desenvolvidos.2,4 Em Portugal, segundo dados do relatório de doenças oncológicas, o CB tem a oitava maior taxa de incidência, tendo sido responsável pela morte de 940 doentes no ano de 2014, valor que manifesta uma tendência de crescimento face aos anos anteriores. 5O CB é um dos principais carcinomas associados ao tabaco; estudos epidemiológicos evidenciam uma relação consistente entre o tabagismo e o risco de CB, responsável por mais de 50% dos casos nos países desenvolvidos. 1,[6][7][8][9] Os ex-fumadores e os fumadores apresentam um risco duas e quatro vezes superior, respetivamente, com maiores incrementos deste consoante a intensidade e a duração do consumo. 7,9 O consumo de tabaco no contexto oncológico não é apenas relevante pelo seu potencial carcinogénico. A evidência científica atual aponta para um pior prognóstico, maior risco de recorrência e de progressão nos doentes

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Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer

Cited by 156 publications

References 52 publications

Identification of Frequent Differentially Methylated Region in Sporadic Bladder Cancers

Identification of Frequent Differentially Methylated Region in Sporadic Bladder Cancers

Efficacy of Hexaminolevulinate Photodynamic Diagnosis of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Smoking Cessation after Bladder Cancer Diagnosis

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