Recent advances in the management of ocular complications of sjögren’s syndrome

Samarkos, Michael; Moutsopoulos, Haralampos Μ.

doi:10.1007/s11882-005-0077-x

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…5,6 Th17 cells, the newly discovered subset of CD4 þ T cells, 7,8 were recently found to participate in most ocular inflammatory diseases, such as uveitis, 9,10 scleritis, 10 and herpes virus-induced corneal inflammation. 10 However, such effective T-cell response in DED has not been identified yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Th17-associated cytokines in tears of patients with dry eye syndrome

Tan

Sun

Liu³

et al. 2014

Eye

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Purpose To determine the levels of Th17-associated cytokines, particularly interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22 in tears of patients with dry eye syndrome. Methods Tear samples were collected from 20 healthy volunteers, 20 dry eye (DE) patients with non-Sjö gren's syndrome (NSSDE) and 20 DE patients with Sjö gren's syndrome (SSDE). Symptom questionnaire was self-administered and multiple dry eye disease (DED)-related clinical tests were performed. The levels of IL-17 and IL-22 in tears were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The levels of IL-17 and IL-22 were significantly increased in tears of DE patients compared with those of controls and also higher in SSDE patients compared with those of NSSDE patients (Po0.05). Moreover, the levels of IL-17 and IL-22 were positively correlated with questionnaire score and keratopathy score but negatively correlated with tear film break-up time and Schirmer I test in both NSSDE and SSDE patients (Po0.05). Conclusions The levels of IL-17 and IL-22 in tears were significantly increased in DE patients, which were associated with the disease severity. Therefore, Th17 cellassociated cytokines, particularly IL-17 and IL-22, may have important roles in the immunopathogenesis of the DED.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Th17-associated cytokines in tears of patients with dry eye syndrome

Tan

Sun

Liu³

et al. 2014

Eye

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“…21 Maintenance of a humid environment, use of spectacles with side shields and taking regular breaks and blinking while performing near tasks should be recommended. 52 Preservative-free tear substitutes are the first step in medical management. Short-acting preparations are based on carboxy-methylcellulose or polyvinyl alcohol, whereas longeracting tear substitutes contain aqueous carbomer gels or paraffin.…”

Section: Treatment Of Sjögren's-syndrome-related Dry-eye Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

What Ophthalmologists Should Know About Sjögren’s Syndrome

Utine¹,

Akpek²

2010

European Ophthalmic Review

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Dry-eye syndrome (DES) is a common ocular disorder, affecting an estimated 25% of patients presenting to general ophthalmology clinics. 1 The incidence of DES varies significantly depending on the age of the population studied and the signs and/or symptoms considered for making the diagnosis. Recent studies suggested that over nine million Americans suffer from a clinically significant form of DES and many more millions are thought to have either a milder form of the disease or intermittent manifestations. SS is more common in females, with a female:male ratio of 9:1. 11,12Although SS can be seen in all age groups, it is most commonly encountered in the fourth and fifth decades of life. 6 Over 90% of SS patients are females in their mid-50s, around the age of menopause. to conserve tears. Preservative-free tear substitutes, topical steroids, cyclosporine A, autologous serum eye-drops and punctal plugs are commonly used for this purpose.

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“…Therapeutic approach of dry eye Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is the classical ocular condition that affects patients with SS [Samarkos and Moutsopoulos, 2005;Kalk et al 2002]. This is the result of the lymphocytic infiltration of the lachrymal glands and of the consequent decreased lachrymal flow and impaired lachrymal composition, which may cause damage of the corneal and conjunctival epithelia.…”

Section: Management Of Glandular Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the presence of preservatives, a tear-substitute application more than four times daily can be poorly tolerated by the ocular surface. Lubricating emulsions and slow-release methylcellulose inserts can last longer than tear-liquid substitutes but should be reserved for night use, since their application can disturb the vision during the day [Korb et al 2005;Samarkos and Moutsopoulos, 2005;Foulks, 2003]. …”

Section: Therapeutic Advances In Musculoskeletal Disease 2 (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating Sjögren’s syndrome: insights for the clinician

Vitali¹,

Palombi²,

Cataleta³

2010

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal

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Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects the exocrine glands, mainly the salivary and lachrymal glands, with consequent persistent dryness of the mouth and eyes. In addition to the clinical manifestations related to the exocrine gland involvement, a consistent prevalence of patients may present systemic manifestations. Some of these can be ascribed to the periepithelial extension of lymphocytic infiltration whilst others are determined by an immunomediated process affecting small-or medium-size vessels. While the use of tear and saliva substitutes and local or systemic stimulation of residual secretions represent the mainstays of the therapy of sicca component, different immunomodulating or immunosuppressive agents are usually required to treat extraglandular features, similarly to what happens in other connective tissue diseases. In the last few years, the advancement in the understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms of this disorder and the availability of new biologic target therapies seem to offer completely new therapeutic options. The use of B cell depleting or modulating therapies has achieved promising results.

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Recent advances in the management of ocular complications of sjögren’s syndrome

Cited by 23 publications

References 49 publications

Analysis of Th17-associated cytokines in tears of patients with dry eye syndrome

Analysis of Th17-associated cytokines in tears of patients with dry eye syndrome

What Ophthalmologists Should Know About Sjögren’s Syndrome

Treating Sjögren’s syndrome: insights for the clinician

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