Recent advances in the use of catalysts based on natural products for the conversion of CO₂into cyclic carbonates

Abstract

The cycloaddition of carbon dioxide to epoxides is an efficient and clean way to obtain cyclic carbonates, which are used as green solvents, as electrolytes for lithium batteries and as...

Imidazolium-based titanosilicate nanospheres as active catalysts in carbon dioxide conversion: Towards a cascade reaction from alkenes to cyclic carbonates

“…Lewis acids are often used in the conversion of carbon dioxide into (cyclic)carbonates. They are mostly employed as co-catalysts for the reaction between CO 2 and epoxides, in combination with various catalysts as ammonium [35], phosphonium [36,37], imidazolium [38,39], pyridinium [40,41] or triazolium [42,43] salts (Scheme 1) [44]. It is generally accepted that epoxides can be activated via coordination of the oxygen at three-membered ring with a Lewis acid site, thus facilitating the ring opening via nucleophilic substitution (usually from the counterion of the salt) and decreasing the energy consumption [45].…”

Guanidyl-implanted UiO-66 as an efficient catalyst for the enhanced conversion of carbon dioxide into cyclic carbonates

“…Its high CO 2 adsorption capacity can be attributed to the strong dipole–quadrupole interaction between the CO 2 and N–H groups in the Gua ligand. 25,45 To further investigate their isosteric enthalpy ( Q st ) for CO 2 adsorption, the Clausius–Clapeyron equation was applied to their corresponding experimental isotherm at 273 and 298 K. The Q st value of UiO-66-Gua 0.2 ( s ) for CO 2 was found to be 29.0 kJ mol −1 , which is higher by ca . 5% than that of UiO-66( s ) (Fig.…”

“…24 Currently, guanidyl-containing organic groups and guanidine-tethered complexes as homogeneous catalysts have been extensively employed for the cycloaddition of epoxides with CO 2 . 25 According to previous studies, heterogeneous guanidine-grafted MOFs would be expected to promote the chemical transformation of CO 2 .…”

Chromium-Salophen as a Soluble or Silica-Supported Co-Catalyst for the Fixation of CO2 Onto Styrene Oxide at Low Temperatures

“…It is noteworthy that this particular reaction requires the use of organocatalysts (Guo et al, 2021), generally quaternary ammonium salts, but the addition of metal complexes or salts as well as hydrogen bond donors acting as Lewis acids (co-catalysts) (Kim et al, 2013;Adhikari et al, 2014;Supasitmongkol and Styring, 2014;Wang et al, 2014;Sharma et al, 2018;Rehman et al, 2021;Zhou et al, 2021), allowing the activation of epoxides, is a strategy often implemented (Darensbourg and Holtcamp, 1996;Laugel et al, 2013;He et al 2014;Comerford et al, 2015;Claver et al, 2020). Among the various cocatalysts used, transition metal complexes with Schiff-base ligands (salen or salophen) represent a particularly attractive class of compounds due to their ease of synthesis and the large variety of metal centres that can be incorporated within their N 2 O 2 coordination sphere (Yoon and Jacobsen, 2003;Cozzi, 2004;Gupta and Sutar, 2008;Decortes et al, 2010).…”