2020
DOI: 10.3390/nano10020337
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Recent Advances in TiO2-Based Photocatalysts for Reduction of CO2 to Fuels

Abstract: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has attracted increasing attention as a candidate for the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to convert anthropogenic CO2 gas into fuels combined with storage of intermittent and renewable solar energy in forms of chemical bonds for closing the carbon cycle. However, pristine TiO2 possesses a large band gap (3.2 eV), fast recombination of electrons and holes, and low selectivity for the photoreduction of CO2. Recently, considerable progress has been made in the improvement… Show more

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Cited by 162 publications
(82 citation statements)
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References 113 publications
(223 reference statements)
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“…In addition, TiO 2 has attracted more and more attention as an effective nanomaterial for the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) [117]. It has been combined with intermittent and renewable solar energy storage in the form of connections chemicals in order to convert anthropogenic CO 2 gas into fuels.…”
Section: Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticlesmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…In addition, TiO 2 has attracted more and more attention as an effective nanomaterial for the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) [117]. It has been combined with intermittent and renewable solar energy storage in the form of connections chemicals in order to convert anthropogenic CO 2 gas into fuels.…”
Section: Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticlesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has been combined with intermittent and renewable solar energy storage in the form of connections chemicals in order to convert anthropogenic CO 2 gas into fuels. Recently, there has been considerable progress in the improvement of the performance of TiO 2 photocatalysts in reducing CO 2 [117].…”
Section: Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticlesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Using CO 2 as a carbon feedstock to prepare carbon-based fuels can help alleviate the energy crisis and global warming at the same time, and has become a current research hotspot in the fields of both energy and environment ( Olah et al, 2011 ; Kondratenko et al, 2013 ; Aresta et al, 2014 ; Ganesh, 2014 ; Li et al, 2019 ). However, the liner molecule with high thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness makes it a great challenge for the activation and conversion of CO 2 ( Ola and Maroto-Valer, 2015 ; Wei L. et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2019 ; Nguyen et al, 2020 ). A lot of energy needs to be injected to break the C=O bond (dissociation energy about 750 kJ mol −1 ) in CO 2 ( Kim et al, 2017 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Besides, surface oxygen vacancies with typical defect states can trap electrons or holes to inhibit their recombination ( Wang et al, 2018 ). To sum up, the significance of surface oxygen vacancies on defected TiO 2 has been ascertained in the enhancement of CO 2 adsorption, activation, dissolution, and stabilization of reaction intermediates ( Nguyen et al, 2020 ). In addition, metal/nonmetal ion doping is used to introduce additional energy level between the band gap of TiO 2 , resulting in the reduced band width and enhanced visible light adsorption ( Tu et al, 2014 ; Ola and Maroto-Valer, 2015 ; Shehzad et al, 2018b ; Patil et al, 2019 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In any event, the discovery of a new photocatalyst for better synergistic performance has never stopped. To date, several types of catalysts have been employed for CO 2 conversion, including metal oxides, nitrides, sulfides, selenides, chalcogenides, and perovskite materials [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. These materials have made significant progress, but many of them have several drawbacks, such as high-cost synthetic approaches, lengthy/complicated synthesis process, long-term instability, and less catalytic activity.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%