Recent Advances in Triboelectric Nanogenerators: From Technological Progress to Commercial Applications

Abstract

Serious climate changes and energy-related environmental problems are currently critical issues in the world. In order to reduce carbon emissions and save our environment, renewable energy harvesting technologies will serve as a key solution in the near future. Among them, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which is one of the most promising mechanical energy harvesters by means of contact electrification phenomenon, are explosively developing due to abundant wasting mechanical energy sources and a number of superior advantages in a wide availability and selection of materials, relatively simple device configurations, and low-cost processing. Significant experimental and theoretical efforts have been achieved toward understanding fundamental behaviors and a wide range of demonstrations since its report in 2012. As a result, considerable technological advancement has been exhibited and it advances the timeline of achievement in the proposed roadmap. Now, the technology has reached the stage of prototype development with verification of performance beyond the lab scale environment toward its commercialization. In this review, distinguished authors in the world worked together to summarize the state of the art in theory, materials, devices, systems, circuits, and applications in TENG fields. The great research achievements of researchers in this field around the world over the past decade are expected to play a major role in coming to fruition of unexpectedly accelerated technological advances over the next decade.

Triboelectric nanogenerators enhanced by a metal–organic framework for sustainable power generation and air mouse technology

“…The demand for portable, renewable, and sustainable power sources has witnessed a tremendous surge due to the quick development of wearable and flexible electronics. 1–4 To address the drawbacks of conventional energy technology and to promote the development of sustainable energy sources, one of the advanced solutions is the introduction of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). 5,6 TENGs convert mechanical energy to electrical energy via contact electrification and electrostatic induction, which is primarily influenced by the material nature.…”

“…7–10 Contact electrification was explained with the electron transfer model 11 and ion transfer model. 3 TENG has active tribolayers with polymers, metals, and crystalline materials. 12 The various forms of conversion ability and material choice lead to the TENG being used as physical sensors, 13 chemical sensors, 14 in rehabilitation, 15 smart sports, 16 wearables 4 and so on.…”

Enhancing Triboelectric Nanogenerator Performance with Metal–Organic-Framework-Modified ZnO Nanosheets for Self-Powered Electronic Devices and Energy Harvesting

“…In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of nanogenerators for energy harvesting, self-powered sensors, and electronic devices. Various types of nanogenerators, including piezoelectric, , triboelectric, , pyroelectric, and thermoelectric nanogenerators, have been extensively studied for their energy harvesting capabilities. Among these, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a favorable strategy for harvesting sustainable and waste biomechanical energy. − In addition, the TENG has advantages such as ease of fabrication, wide range of materials, compact size, highly stable output voltage, and high energy conversion efficiency, which promoted them to be used in various applications .…”

“…Various types of nanogenerators, including piezoelectric, , triboelectric, , pyroelectric, and thermoelectric nanogenerators, have been extensively studied for their energy harvesting capabilities. Among these, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a favorable strategy for harvesting sustainable and waste biomechanical energy. − In addition, the TENG has advantages such as ease of fabrication, wide range of materials, compact size, highly stable output voltage, and high energy conversion efficiency, which promoted them to be used in various applications . The working principle of TENGs relies on contact electrification and the electrostatic induction phenomenon, which occur when two different materials come into contact and separate.…”

Wear-Resistant Smart Textiles Using Nylon-11 Triboelectric Yarns

“…Complex methods using extremely rapid evaporation rates or nanoconfined templates are required to produce aligned α and δ′ phases. , Electrospinning offers a promising fabrication route because of its unique combination of rapid evaporation and mechanical stretching. The nonwoven materials produced this way consist of a large network of interconnected fibers, providing a highly developed surface essential for achieving high charge density, a crucial factor for TENGs . Anwar et al demonstrated that α and δ′ phase PA11 fibers can be fabricated by dissolving the PA11 in a trifluoroacetic acid­(TFA)/acetone solution and adjuring the polymer concentration .…”