Recent advances in waste lube oils processing technologies

Abstract

Waste lube oils are classified as hazardous waste due to the metal contents derived from the additives and wear. Most lube oils contain up to 20% of additives including antioxidants, anti‐wear, and de‐foaming agents which are generally used to extend the usage of lube oils and enhance engines performance. The most widely‐used additives contain metal as they exhibit efficacy in performance enhancement. However, these additives increase the hazardous level of waste lube oils and are highly toxic when released into the environment. Waste lube oils processing can minimize the toxicity and the complexity of the waste and may produce valuable products at the same time, such as, fuels, solvent, and base oils for production of new lube oils. In this paper, the common technologies for waste lube oils processing, including physical and chemical processes are reviewed. In addition, more recently developed technology such as membrane technologies and their potential application in waste lube oil processing are also discussed. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1867–1881, 2018

Characterization of Used Lubricant Oil in a Latin-American Medium-Size City and Analysis of Options for Its Regeneration

“…Oil liquid Ti is widely used to reduce the friction and wear of engine components [37], which could explain such high values for Ti content. In the case of engine wear metals, all values are below the mean of the countries reported in the literature (except for S and V, from which there are not enough results to compare in Table 5); however, they are below the typical ranges as reported by Parry [8] and Widodo et al [35], as seen in Table 4. The results indicate that the oils have a low contamination by wear metals, especially in the case of Si, Al, Cu, Cr, and Fe.…”

“…It can be seen that, for used oils in Cuenca, most values are below the accepted limits, according to [34]. Moreover, the water content is below the limits reported by [34] and the rest of the results (except the concentration of some metals) are in the range of expected values [8,35]. This result suggests that the re-refining options for used oils in Cuenca should take advantage of the experiences in other places that process used oils with similar properties to guarantee the properties of the regenerated oil as required for further use.…”

“…For this reason, for cost-effective recycling of used oil, it is important to separate the different types of oils in the places used oils are generated because, from the mixture of high-quality and low-quality used oils, only low-quality oils are obtained [8]. Speight and Exall [58] (cited by [35]) indicated that, in the re-refinement process, solid particles and water are separated from the used oil by physical treatments to obtain an oil comparable to the original, but the contaminant metals could not be completely removed.…”

Recent Advancements of UF-Based Separation for Selective Enrichment of Proteins and Bioactive Peptides—A Review

“…Fouling and concentration polarization are two major challenges in membrane filtration process which in turn affect permeate flux (productivity) and selectivity (purity) [59,60]. A comprehensive overview for preventing and mitigating these problems in wide range of pressure-driven membrane filtration has been reported [61].…”

Impurity Removal of Waste Cooking Oil Using Hydrophobic Polypropylene Hollow Fiber Membrane

“…Meanwhile, membrane wettability was analyzed by measuring the contact angle between water and oil droplets dropped onto the membrane surface before and after use. The water contact angle (WCA) and oil contact angle (OCA) indicate the hydrophobic and oleophilic properties of the membrane, respectively [38][39][40]. Membrane surface wettability was determined by measuring the static contact angles of liquid droplets [41,42].…”