Recent advances in water remediation from toxic heavy metals using biochar as a green and efficient adsorbent: A review

Advancements in application of modified biochar as a green and low-cost adsorbent for wastewater remediation from organic dyes

“…Typically, biochar produced directly through biomass pyrolysis exhibits limited surface functionality, low porosity and a small surface area, severely restricting its applications in environmental remediation [40]. Extensive research has focused on surface modification and functionalization of biochar to overcome this limitation.…”

“…Biochar, a carbon-rich pyrogenic material produced from biomass in a low-oxygen environment, has recently gained significant attention due to its diverse applications and advantages in agriculture, environmental remediation, and carbon sequestration [38,39]. Biochar is characterized by its elevated specific surface area, well-developed pore structure, and abundant functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and phenolic groups, which impart excellent adsorption properties for organic and inorganic pollutants in soil and aqueous systems [40]. Biological wastewater treatment methods face challenges in effectively removing most organic dye residues due to their recalcitrant nature and biological degradation.…”

“…This limitation underscores the imperative for developing sustainable and efficient technologies capable of eliminating complex organic dye pollutants. This review highlights the biochar-based adsorption process as a promising solution, offering efficiency, cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness in the removal of organic dyes from aqueous environments [40–43]. The review focuses on recent research exploring the production, modification, characterization and application of biochar for the remediation of water contaminated with organic dyes (figure 1).…”

Hemicryptophane: A Viable Supramolecular Approach to Improve Chlordecone Removal from Water

“…Other materials are currently being studied to decontaminate water and remove heavy metals and organic pollutants. These include biochars and biosorbents, known to adsorb chlordecone due to its strong affinity for organic matter, [19,20,21] and water falling film reactors, which, when coupled with advanced oxidation processes, simultaneously degrade these compounds [22] Here, we wanted to address this issue through the prism of supramolecular chemistry. Recent advances have shown that the use of materials with non‐covalent interactions is very promising as they can undergo reversible self‐assembly and offer advantages in terms of specific recognition properties (by size of chemical structures and functions) and recyclability [23–25] .…”