Recent Advances in Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing Plastic Optical Fiber Technologies

Montero, D. S.; Garcilopez, Isabel Perez; VázquezGarcía, Carmen; Lallana, Pedro Contreras; Tapetado, A.; Castillo, Plinio Jesús Pinzón

doi:10.5772/59518

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…This is a simple formula for P i,j+1 at the (i, j + 1)th mesh point in terms of the known values along the jth distance row. The power flow equation (2) for GI optical fiber is a parabolic partial differential equation, which is solved numerically (4) for Gaussian launch (excitation) distribution as an initial condition and the boundary conditions: P(m,λ,z) = 0, for m > M(λ) and d(m) ∂P(m,λ,z) ∂m m=0…”

Section: Time-independent Power Flow Equation For Gi Optical Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase capacity of optical fiber systems was caused by successive technology improvements: low losses single-mode fibers, fiber amplifiers, multiplexing, and high-efficiency spectral coding [1]. Multiplexing of optical data can be realized not only in wavelength [2], but also in polarization, in time, in phase and in space [1]. In spite of the fact that data traffic demand is easily covered by wavelengthdivision multiplexed (WDM) systems based on single-mode * Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed fibers (SMFs), recent works show that the WDM systems are rapidly approaching their Shannon capacity limit [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of mode coupling on three spatially multiplexed channels in multimode graded index plastic optical fibers

et al. 2020

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The influence of mode coupling on three-channel spatial division multiplexing capability in multimode graded index plastic optical fibers is investigated by solving the power flow equation. Our numerical results show that mode coupling significantly limits the fiber length at which the spatial division multiplexing can be realized with a minimal crosstalk between three neighbor spatial optical channels. Three spatial channels in the multimode graded index plastic optical fiber can be employed with a minimal crosstalk up to the fiber length of 3.5 m, which is about 12.5% of the coupling length (fiber length where equilibrium mode distribution is achieved). Such characterization of multimode graded index plastic optical fibers should be considered in designing an optical fiber transmission system for space division multiplexing, particularly for small office networking.

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Section: Time-independent Power Flow Equation For Gi Optical Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of mode coupling on three spatially multiplexed channels in multimode graded index plastic optical fibers

et al. 2020

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“…Optical fiber systems' capacity has increased as a result of technological advancements such as low-loss single-mode fibers, fiber amplifiers, multiplexing, and high-efficiency spectral coding [1]. Optical data multiplexing is realized in wavelength [2], polarization, time, phase, and space [1]. Wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems based on single-mode (SM) SC fibers are rapidly nearing their Shannon capacity limit [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Width of Launch Beam Distribution on the Transmission Performance of Seven-Core Polymer-Clad Silica Fibers

et al. 2022

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We propose a space division multiplexing (SDM) in a newly constructed multicore polymer-clad silica fiber (PCSF) with seven cores arrayed in a hexagonal array, each carrying a centrally launched beam. This enables a higher SDM capacity at longer fiber lengths in the proposed seven-core PCSF if compared with previously proposed angular division multiplexing (ADM) in single-core (SC) PCSF. As a result, the SDM is not limited to short fiber lengths in the proposed seven-core PCSF, as it is in the case of the ADM channels due to mode coupling in the SC PCSF. In addition, the time-independent power flow equation (TI PFE) is used to analyze the effect of the width of the launch beam distribution on the equilibrium mode distribution (EMD) and steady state distribution (SSD) in each of the seven cores of the investigated PCSF. The width of the launch beam distribution has a considerable impact on the fiber length at which the EMD and SSD are attained, according to our numerical results. Thus, by decreasing the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the launch beam distribution from 20 to 2°, the length at which EMD is established increases from Lc = 1020 to 1250 m, and the length at which SSD is attained increases from zs = 2650 to 3250 m. A narrow launch beam distribution leads to higher bandwidth at small and intermediate fiber lengths. On the other hand, at shorter fiber lengths, a wider launch beam distribution induces a bandwidth change from 1/z proportional to 1/z1/2 proportional curve, e.g., a slower bandwidth reduction. When building a multicore optical fiber transmission system for SDM, such characterization of multicore PCSFs under various launch conditions should be taken into account.

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“…The increase capacity of optical fiber systems was caused by successive technology improvements: low losses single-mode fibers, fiber amplifiers, multiplexing, and high-efficiency spectral coding [1]. Multiplexing of optical data can be realized not only in wavelength [2], but also in polarization, in time, in phase and in space [1]. In spite of the fact that data traffic demand is easily covered by wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems based on single-mode single-core fibers (SM-SCFs), recent works show that the WDM systems are rapidly approaching their Shannon capacity limit [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial division multiplexing in nine-core graded index plastic optical fibers

Savović¹,

Djordjevich²,

Simović³

et al. 2020

Laser Phys.

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We propose a spatial division multiplexing in a new designed multimode multicore graded index plastic optical fiber with nine cores arranged in an octagonal array. The influence of mode coupling on two-channel spatial division multiplexing capability in each of nine cores is investigated by solving the power flow equation. Our numerical results show that mode coupling significantly limits the fiber length at which the spatial division multiplexing can be realized in each of nine cores with a minimal crosstalk between two neighbor spatial optical channels. Two spatial channels in the proposed nine-core graded index plastic optical fiber can be employed with a minimal crosstalk up to the fiber length of 5 m, which is about 18% of the coupling length (fiber length where equilibrium mode distribution is achieved). Such characterization of multicore graded index plastic optical fibers should be considered in designing a multicore optical fiber transmission system for space division multiplexing.

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Recent Advances in Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing Plastic Optical Fiber Technologies

Cited by 7 publications

References 69 publications

Influence of mode coupling on three spatially multiplexed channels in multimode graded index plastic optical fibers

Influence of mode coupling on three spatially multiplexed channels in multimode graded index plastic optical fibers

Influence of the Width of Launch Beam Distribution on the Transmission Performance of Seven-Core Polymer-Clad Silica Fibers

Spatial division multiplexing in nine-core graded index plastic optical fibers

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