Recent advances of nonfullerene acceptors in organic solar cells

Zhou, Dan; Wang, Jianru; Xu, Zhentian; Xu, Haitao; Quan, Jianwei; Deng, Jiawei; Li, Yubing; Tong, Yongfen; Hu, Bin; Chen, Lie

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107802

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Ladder‐type π ‐core engineering is effective in delivering significant changes in material crystallinity and photon absorption of the Y‐series molecules. [ 2d,4a,19 ] Recently studies demonstrated that selenium (Se)‐based heterocycles in ladder‐type π ‐cores are advantageous over their sulfur (S)‐based counterparts in many aspects to boost photovoltaic performance. [ 20 ] For instance, introducing the more polarizable Se atoms instead of S atoms can significantly enhance the ground‐state quinoidal resonance character and electron‐donating ability of π ‐core, leading to narrower optical bandgaps for the Se‐based SMAs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells Enabled by a Symmetric‐Asymmetric Alloy Acceptor with a Broad Composition Tolerance

et al. 2023

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Using a combinatory blending strategy is demonstrated as a promising path for designing efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) by boosting the short‐circuit current density and fill factor. Herein, a high‐performance ternary all‐small molecule OSC (all‐SMOSCs) using a narrow‐bandgap alloy acceptor containing symmetric and asymmetric molecules (BTP‐eC9 and SSe‐NIC) and a wide‐bandgap small molecule donor MPhS‐C2 is reported. Introducing the synthesized SSe‐NIC into the MPhS‐C2:BTP‐eC9 host system can broaden the absorption spectrum, modulate energy offsets, and optimize the molecular packing of the host materials. After systematically optimizing the weight ratio of MPhS‐C2:BTP‐eC9:SSe‐NIC, a champion efficiency of 18.02% is achieved. Impressively, the ternary system not only delivered a broad composition tolerance with device efficiencies over 17% throughout the whole blend ratios, but also exhibited less non‐geminate recombination and energy loss, and better‐light‐soaking stability than the corresponding binary systems. This work promotes the development of high‐performance ternary all‐SMOSCs and heralds their brighter application prospects.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells Enabled by a Symmetric‐Asymmetric Alloy Acceptor with a Broad Composition Tolerance

et al. 2023

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“…Since the introduction of non-fullerene acceptors (NFA), especially the acceptor–donor–acceptor–donor–acceptor (A-DA′D-A)-type acceptors, organic solar cells (OSCs) have experienced rapid development. − So far, the power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of OSCs have exceeded 20%, and further commercial applications are imminent. − NFA usually have a wide optical absorption range and can produce low-energy loss carriers, which help obtain high short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage. , On the other hand, the high crystallization nature of NFA leads to multi-length-scale phase separation and robust electron transport highways that contribute to improving charge transport and collection . Compared with fullerene acceptor molecules, an interesting finding is that these NFA molecules possess both light-induced intra- and intermolecular CT effects, resulting in some unique photophysical processes and phenomena during the operation of OSCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Crystallization of High-Solubility Non-Fullerene Electron Acceptors for Enhanced Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency: Effect of the Terminal Group

et al. 2023

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Organic small-molecule acceptors with acceptor–donor–acceptor–donor–acceptor (A-DA′D-A)-type configurations typically exhibit photoinduced intra- and intermolecular charge transfer (CT) dynamics. Herein, using steady-state and transient absorption spectroscopy, we studied the impact of the three-dimensional (3D) terminal group on the intra- and intermolecular CT in the A-DA′D-A-type small-molecular acceptor and the effect of the photoelectric conversion process in the corresponding blend film. The results show that 3D terminal groups have little impact on intramolecular charge transfer but significantly improve solubility and regulate intermolecular interactions. 3D terminal groups can improve exciton generation and enhance exciton diffusion distance by preventing the film from over-aggregating, thus benefiting the charge transfer and photoelectric conversion in the blend film. This work demonstrated the advantages of the 3D terminal group and revealed the fundamental importance of regulating the intra- and intermolecular CT in enhancing photoelectric conversion.

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“…Organic solar cells (OSCs) have witnessed a rapid development in the past decade, with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) increased from 10% to over 19%, demonstrating a promising prospect among the new generation photovoltaics. − The breakthrough in PCEs in recent years is mainly attributed to the rise of nonfullerene electron acceptors (NFAs). − However, although the cutting-edge NFAs such as Y6 and L8-BO have allowed similar short-circuit current ( J SC ) and fill factor (FF) values for OSCs when compared to their inorganic photovoltaic counterparts (e.g., silicon, perovskite solar cells) at similar bandgaps, NFA based OSCs are still suffering from strong nonradiative recombination and therefore inferior open-circuit voltage ( V OC ). , …”

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confidence: 99%

“…6−9 However, although the cuttingedge NFAs such as Y6 and L8-BO have allowed similar shortcircuit current (J SC ) and fill factor (FF) values for OSCs when compared to their inorganic photovoltaic counterparts (e.g., silicon, perovskite solar cells) at similar bandgaps, NFA based OSCs are still suffering from strong nonradiative recombination and therefore inferior open-circuit voltage (V OC ). 10,11 Different than the spherical fullerene derivatives, NFAs are generally anisotropic and sometimes isomeric, with small structural changes that could significantly affect their optoelectronic properties. 12−17 As such, NFAs with even minor structural variations must be manipulated subtly to allow optimized morphological metrics in the photoactive layer to facilitate the power conversion process.…”

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confidence: 99%

Isomerization Directed Molecular Packing toward Suppressing Energy Loss in Nonfullerene Ternary Solar Cells

Sun

Chen

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Materials Lett.

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Organic semiconductors based upon conjugated frameworks are often isomeric and display distinct optoelectronic properties within minor structural variation. In this work, two isomeric nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) ThMeCl-1 and ThMeCl-2, having the methyl and chlorine atoms attached on different positions of the electron-withdrawing end group, are synthesized and incorporated as the third component in ternary solar cells. Although these NFA isomers exhibit a similar bandgap, energy levels, and energy loss in their PM6 based binary devices, the efficiency enhancements in ternary devices differ significantly. Compared to ThMeCl-1, the incorporation of ThMeCl-2 in PM6:C5-16 solar cells enables less energy loss, leading to an extra 0.03 eV open-circuit voltage gain and a maximum efficiency increase from 17.8 to 18.9%. Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that this is attributed to the versatile intermolecular π−π stacking forms between ThMeCl-2 and the host NFA, which result in improved charge transport and suppressed recombination. This work provides a rational guidance for controlling the molecular packing in ternary systems to prepare high performance organic photovoltaics.

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Recent advances of nonfullerene acceptors in organic solar cells

Cited by 46 publications

References 165 publications

High‐Performance Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells Enabled by a Symmetric‐Asymmetric Alloy Acceptor with a Broad Composition Tolerance

High‐Performance Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells Enabled by a Symmetric‐Asymmetric Alloy Acceptor with a Broad Composition Tolerance

Improved Crystallization of High-Solubility Non-Fullerene Electron Acceptors for Enhanced Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency: Effect of the Terminal Group

Isomerization Directed Molecular Packing toward Suppressing Energy Loss in Nonfullerene Ternary Solar Cells

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