“…Sialic acids and their derivatives can be activated by CMP-sialic acid synthetases to form cytidine monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid, this is the glyconucleotide donor required for sialoglycoside synthesis catalyzed by sialyltransferase ( Chen and Varki, 2010 ). N-acetylneuraminic acid, a type of sialic acid commonly found in red meat, is involved in many physiological and pathological processes, including immune regulation, tumorigenicity, cardiovascular system protection, anti-oxidation, and anti-virus ( Zhao et al, 2023 ).…”