Recent advances on water-soluble photoinitiators of polymerization

Water-soluble bis-chalcone-based photoinitiators with long-wavelength absorption for radical polymerization and 3D printing

“…18,19 Researchers have developed a variety of oil-soluble visible light photoinitiators, but water-soluble visible light photoinitiators are rarely reported. 20 In the fields of hydrogels and waterbased UV resins, longer irradiation wavelengths must be used to improve the curing depth, 21 so it is urgent to develop watersoluble photoinitiators with long-wavelength absorption.…”

“…At present, the strategies for synthesizing water-soluble photoinitiators include the introduction of water-soluble chains or groups such as polyethylene glycol chains, the introduction of sulfonates, carboxylates, quaternary ammonium salts, etc., and the formation of charge transfer complexes with amines. 20 Lalevee et al 22,23 introduced sulfonates on coumarin and carbazole derivatives to synthesize water-soluble photoinitiators and used them for 3D printing hydrogels. Chen et al 24 introduced carboxylate into naphthalimide derivatives and synthesized dye 8 for 3D printing antibacterial hydrogels with solubility in water exceeding 10 wt%.…”

Recent Advances on Quinoxaline-Based Photoinitiators of Polymerization

“…By decreasing its content, less colored coatings can be obtained. The search for new structures is also motivated by the recent interest in developing photo-initiating systems activable with sunlight [175][176][177][178][179][180][181][182][183][184] or capable of initiating a polymerization process in water [22,60,116,[185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195][196][197][198][199][200]. With the aim of polymerizing in energy-saving conditions, the use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is now generalized in photopolymerization due to their low costs, long operating lifetimes, compactness and their precise emission wavelengths.…”

Exploiting Visible‐Light Induced Radical to Cation Transformation Pathway for Reactivity Enhanced Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Polymerization of Heteroaromatics

“…[ 7–17 ] Consequently, photoinduced methods have been extensively explored and adapted for various polymerization types, including free radical, cationic, controlled, and click reactions. [ 18–36 ]…”