Recent and historic sediment dynamics along Difficult Run, a suburban Virginia Piedmont stream

Sediment contributions from floodplains and legacy sediments to Piedmont streams of Baltimore County, Maryland

“…Legacy sediment typically is finer in texture than pre-settlement material, consistent with the findings of Hupp et al (2013) who reported that legacy overbank sediment was composed of 65% silts and clays, Fig. 9.…”

“…The estimates are predicated on the assumption that one-third of the valley is an active floodplain, based on our field observations and past research demonstrating that a majority of floodplain deposition occurs along near-channel levee deposits (Walling et al, 1998;Hupp et al, 2013;Schenk et al, 2013). Although our results may differ with direct measurements of floodplain deposition, this assumption is included to account for a major component of the sediment budget that, if omitted, would lead to overestimation of the net sediment yield associated with bank erosion.…”

“…1), may be an ongoing dominant source of sediment in watersheds caused by increased runoff and reduced upland sediment supply subsequent to historical peaks of agricultural land use (Colosimo and Wilcock, 2007). Despite evidence that floodplains (Church and Slaymaker, 1989;Allmendinger et al, 2007;Voli et al, 2013) and legacy sediments (Walter et al, 2007;Hupp et al, 2013) are large components of the total sediment load delivered from streams, mobilized sediment may not exit Piedmont watersheds for 6 to 10 millennia (Pizzuto, 2001;Jackson et al, 2005;Pizzuto et al, 2014).…”

Sediment and nutrient trapping as a result of a temporary Mississippi River floodplain restoration: The Morganza Spillway during the 2011 Mississippi River Flood

“…The opening of the Spillway during the 2011 Mississippi River Flood resulted in an influx of sediment and associated nutrients that, per area of floodplain, was higher than for most floodplains and resulted in a much greater depositional mass than annual deposition mass in other floodplains (Craft and Casey, 2000;He and Walling, 1996;Noe and Hupp, 2009;Hupp et al, 2013;Wolf et al, 2013; but see Steiger and Gurnell, 2003). For comparison, the depositional mass on the Morganza Spillway was more than twice the annual floodplain deposition of the lower Roanoke River, the largest floodplain on the U.S. East Coast (Hupp et al, 2015).…”

Hydrological evaluation of a peri-urban stream and its impact on ecosystem services potential

“…In agricultural and grazing zones, soil conservation practices are non-existent and land plots are located in areas with steep slopes (PUMA, 2009). Human settlements constitute a major source of erosion and surface runoff because they often result in the removal of vegetation (Hupp et al, 2013). Variations in vegetation cover and land use are related to soil, weather, and the region's capacity to provide ESs (Yapp et al, 2010).…”