Recent Applications of 2,4,6‐Trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine and Its Derivatives in Organic Synthesis

Błotny, Grzegorz

doi:10.1002/chin.200651255

Cited by 42 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…CC (2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine) provides a strong chromophore for low UV absorbing molecules and holds the prospect of easy and sequential substitution of its chlorine atoms with nucleophiles by controlling the reaction conditions (temperature, time, solvent, etc.) appropriately (Blotny, ). Batra and Bhushan () critically evaluated application of CC‐based CDRs (containing amino acids and amino acid amides as chiral auxiliaries) for enantiomeric resolution of a variety of racaemic compounds covering methods of synthesis of such CDRs, and diastereomeric derivatives (of a variety of pharmaceutically important compounds including certain β ‐adrenolytics) along with parameters of liquid chromatographic separation.…”

Section: Enantioseparation Of (Rs)‐prl By Indirect Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and approaches for determination and enantioseparation of (RS)‐propranolol

Batra

Bhushan

2018

Biomedical Chromatography

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Propranolol, a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, is a chiral compound that is marketed as a racemate, but only the (S)-(-)-enantiomer is responsible for the β-adrenoceptor blocking activity. Different chromatographic methods have been applied for separation and determination of enantiomers of (RS)-propranolol. In this article a review is presented on different liquid chromatographic methods used for enantioseparation of (RS)-propranolol, using both HPLC and TLC. In addition, some aspects of enantioseparation under achiral phases of liquid chromatography have been briefly mentioned.

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Section: Enantioseparation Of (Rs)‐prl By Indirect Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and approaches for determination and enantioseparation of (RS)‐propranolol

Batra

Bhushan

2018

Biomedical Chromatography

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“…Cyanuric chloride (2,4,6 trichloro-1,3,5 triazine (CC)) was used as a linking molecule to attach the small targeting moiety ES to DSPE-PEG 2000 -NH 2 . ES was reacted with CC in a 1:1 molar ratio, in the presence of two molar equivalents of triethylamine (TEA), a chloride acceptor [51]. To achieve the monosubstitution of chlorine, the reaction was performed at 0 C for more than three hours [51].…”

Section: Synthesis Of the Dspe-peg 2000 -Cc-es Modified Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonically controlled estrone-modified liposomes for estrogen-positive breast cancer therapy

Salkho

Paul

Kawak

et al. 2018

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

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A new modality of drug targeting to tumors has been proposed. The ligand-mediated approach, that already increases the therapeutic index of the drug, can still be optimized by the encapsulation of the drug into sonosensitive nanoparticles. In this work, an endogenous ligand, estrone, was used to synthesize doxorubicin-encapsulating liposomes for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer therapy with cyanuric chloride (2,4,6 trichloro-1,3,5 triazine) being used as a linking molecule to attach 3-OH group of estrone to the surface of liposomes. Then, drug release from liposomes was studied using ultrasound waves as a triggering mechanism with different frequencies and power densities. In addition, drug uptake by two cell lines ER-positive (MCF-7) and ER-negative (MDA-MB-231) was assessed, with the former cell line being examined later to study the synergetic effect of the receptor mediator targeting and ultrasound trigger. The sizes of the liposomes loaded with calcein (as a doxorubicin model drug) were determined by dynamic light scattering, and they were characterized as large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs). The release from the prepared liposomes triggered by ultrasound (US) waves at low frequency (20 kHz) and high frequency (1.07 and 3.24 MHz), at several power densities, was determined by monitoring the changes in calcein fluorescence, using a spectrofluorometer. Increasing power densities showed a significant effect on release at high frequencies and during the first two US pulses at low frequency. The echogenicity of the liposomes was proven and characterized at different power densities and frequencies. To confirm the viability of the carrier as a doxorubicin carrier, doxorubicin-encapsulating liposomes were prepared using the ammonium sulfate transmembrane gradient method. The liposomes were LUVs and were US-sensitive, exhibiting similar behavior to calcein-encapsulating liposomes. The calcein uptake by an ER + cell line (MCF-7) was compared with the uptake by an ER-cell line (MDA-MB-231). The MCF-7 uptake was significantly higher than the MDA-MB-231 uptake, which proved the targeting potential of estrone-conjugated liposomes. The exposure to low-frequency ultrasound (LFUS) revealed a statistically significant uptake of calcein compared to uptake without ultrasound. The described drug delivery (DD) system, comprising a new echogenic liposomal formulation, promises a non-immunogenic and site-specific biomedical approach to ER-positive breast cancer therapy.

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“…Интересным реагентом с этой точки зрения является цианурхлорид (2,4,6-трихлор-1,3,5-триазин), который позволяет осуществлять сборку отдельных фрагментов вокруг 1,3,5-триазинового цикла. Одним из преимуществ данного реагента является возможность постадийного введения нуклеофильных заместителей путем изменения только температуры реакции и соотношения реагентов, что открывает сравнительно простой путь к получению конъюгатов, несущих три различных фрагмента [8]. В литературе встречаются примеры использования триазиновых фрагментов в качестве боковых заместителей порфирина [9], основы для создания мультипорфириновых красителей [10,11], для связывания двух различных красителей с фуллереном [12] и т.д.…”

Section: результаты и их обсуждениеunclassified

Synthesis and Properties Comparison of Meso-Arylporphyrins Metal Complexes as Potential Dyes for Solar Cells

Ezhov¹,

Вяльба²,

Zhdanova³

et al. 2018

Fine Chem. Tech.

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This work is dedicated to the synthesis of porphyrin metal complexes for creation of dyesensitized solar cells (DSSC). Three different dyes were synthesized - zinc complexes of porphyrins containing alkoxyl substituents: with symmetric structure (Zn-P1), as well as asymmetric (type A3B) with the introduction of a donor (Zn-P2) or an acceptor (Zn-P3) substituents via the 1,3,5-triazine fragment. The spectral characteristics of the synthesized substances are compared. For all the obtained dyes, geometry optimization and visualization of the electron density distribution were carried out using computational methods based on the density functional theory (DFT). The location of the frontier unbound molecular orbitals is more optimal when an acceptor substituent containing anchor groups is introduced via the triazine moiety. However, the use of ligands containing an anchor group simplifies the synthesis of the dye and opens up more possibilities for varying both the ligand and the introduced donor substituents. As a result, it was concluded that the spatial distribution of the dye, when applied to the electrode and, consequently, the number of its molecules per unit area of the semiconductor, can have the greatest effect on the efficiency of a cell using t he described compounds.

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Recent Applications of 2,4,6‐Trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine and Its Derivatives in Organic Synthesis

Abstract: ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

Cited by 42 publications

References 1 publication

Methods and approaches for determination and enantioseparation of (RS)‐propranolol

Methods and approaches for determination and enantioseparation of (RS)‐propranolol

Ultrasonically controlled estrone-modified liposomes for estrogen-positive breast cancer therapy

Synthesis and Properties Comparison of Meso-Arylporphyrins Metal Complexes as Potential Dyes for Solar Cells

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