Recent Applications of Molecularly Imprinted Sol-Gel Methodology in Sample Preparation

Abstract

Due to their selectivity and chemical stability, molecularly imprinted polymers have attracted great interest in sample preparation. Imprinted polymers have been applied for the extraction and the enrichment of different sorts of trace analytes in biological and environmental samples before their analysis. Additionally, MIPs are utilized in various sample preparation techniques such as SPE, SPME, SBSE and MEPS. Nevertheless, molecularly imprinted polymers suffer from thermal (stable only up to 150 °C) and mechanical stability issues, improper porosity and poor capacity. The sol-gel methodology as a promising alternative to address these limitations allowing the production of sorbents with controlled porosity and higher surface area. Thus the combination of molecularly imprinted technology and sol-gel technology can create influential materials with high selectivity, high capacity and high thermal stability. This work aims to present an overview of molecularly imprinted sol-gel polymerization methods and their applications in analytical and bioanalytical fields.

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“…Thus, from a chemical point of view, the sol-gel method is mainly based on hydrolysis reactions and condensation/polymerization reactions of the precursors, both for the inorganic pathway and the metal-organic path [24,26]. Thus, this method takes place by dissolving a precursor of metal oxide in a low molecular weight solvent medium using a catalyst (acid, base, or ion) followed by a hydrolysis (water) and polycondensation step [27].…”

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“…In addition, the potentiality of inorganic polymerization for the design of multifunctional silica was shown in the review by Abdel-Rehim et al [4] using imprinted polymers (MIPs) as advantaged materials for selective sorption, thanks to multiple recognition sites for a template molecule or nano-objects of interest based on their size, structure, and pendant functional groups. Since the pioneering work of Mosbach and coworkers [5,6], a large number of papers that have considered organic MIPs have been reported.…”

Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Quantum Dot Materials in Optical Sensors: An Overview of Their Synthesis and Applications

“…Particularly, MIPs prepared by this way present selective cavities with long lifetime because silica-based materials are strong and stable structures with high thermal and mechanical stability. Moreover, the removal of the template molecule from the polymer is more efficient in MIPs prepared by sol-gel methodology [ 29 ].…”