Recent approaches for control of E. coli and respiratory complex in Middle East

Galal, Hussein M.; Tawfek, Azza M.; Abdrabou, Mohamed; Hessain, Ashgan M.; Alhaaji, Jwaher Haji; Kabli, Saleh A.; Elbehiry, Ayman; Alwarhi, Waleed K.; Moussa, Ihab M.

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.04.004

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In addition, they have demonstrated the cross-resistance to other E. coli serotypes, but achieved the greatest protection in the case of homologous infection. Galal et al. (2018) have additionally reported that chickens vaccinated against colibacillosis reached better BW gains after simultaneous experimental infection with infectious bronchitis virus ( IBV ) and E. coli , that their mortality rate was lower, and that the intensity of development of pathological lesions typical of colibacillosis decreased as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of vaccination of broiler chickens against Escherichia coli with live attenuated vaccine on general properties of E. coli population, IBV vaccination efficiency, and production parameters—a field experiment

2020

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Poultry colibacillosis has been one of the major causes behind economic losses in the poultry production; however, no effective method for its prevention has been developed so far. Vaccination against colibacillosis is capturing increasing interest. The aim of this study was to demonstrate benefits from using a live, aroA gene–deleted vaccine against colibacillosis in broiler chickens and its potential impact on reduced use of antibiotics, the efficacy of vaccination against infectious bronchitis ( IB ), and the structure and properties of Escherichia coli population in broilers under commercial farm conditions. In 2 experiments, carried out on 3 farms, broiler chickens of one chicken house from each farm were vaccinated against Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), whereas birds of other chicken houses of each farm were not vaccinated against E. coli . In experiment 1 , which was carried out on 2 farms, for 3 consecutive production cycles, spray vaccination of day-old broilers against E. coli decreased the number of E. coli isolates from internal organs but not from the respiratory system in the sixth week of birds' life. In experiment 1 , E. coli –vaccinated broilers did not receive the antimicrobials until 14 d after the vaccination. Escherichia coli isolates from the E. coli –vaccinated birds were more susceptible to the antimicrobials. Escherichia coli vaccination had no impact on the IB vaccination efficiency; it has reduced the mean number of days of the antimicrobial treatment and improved broiler production parameters. In experiment 2 , chickens of both houses received the antimicrobials for the first 4 d of their life. Birds of chicken house 1 were vaccinated against E. coli on the ninth day of life, whereas birds of chicken house 2 were not vaccinated. In both houses, further antimicrobial usage was the same, and antimicrobials were not used until 14 d after E. coli vaccination. Similar to experiment 1 , in experiment 2 , vaccination decreased the number of E. coli isolates, and these isolates were more susceptible to the antimicrobials. Vaccination of broilers against E. coli should be considered in terms of routine immunoprophylaxis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of vaccination of broiler chickens against Escherichia coli with live attenuated vaccine on general properties of E. coli population, IBV vaccination efficiency, and production parameters—a field experiment

2020

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“…Live vaccines have been repeatedly proven to contribute positively to bird protection [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ], although exceptions have also been reported [ 31 ]. A commercial live vaccine is presently available in most regions; it was registered in the EU in 2013 [ 32 ] and it is an attenuated O78 E. coli strain and provides effective protection upon challenge with O78 wild strains [ 33 ]. However, this type of vaccine is less efficient against heterologous strains (i.e., belonging to other serogroups) [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Level of Protection Against Colibacillosis Conferred by Several Autogenous and/or Commercial Vaccination Programs in Conventional Pullets upon Experimental Challenge

Koutsianos

Gantelet

Franzo

et al. 2020

Veterinary Sciences

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The prevention of avian colibacillosis has historically been investigated through vaccination, with variable outcomes. Commercial live (attenuated) and inactivated vaccines are reported to have limited efficacy in the context of heterologous challenge. Autogenous vaccination, using field isolates, is widely used, but scarcely documented. Different vaccination programs, including a live commercial vaccine and/or an inactivated autogenous vaccine, were compared for three different avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain (serotypes O78, O18 and O111) challenges. On the pullet farm, four groups of conventional pullets received different vaccination protocols. Group A was kept unvaccinated (control group). Group B was vaccinated three times with a live commercial O78 E. coli vaccine (at one day old, 59 and 110 days of age). Group C was immunized twice (at 79 and 110 days) with a three-valence autogenous vaccine (O78, O18 and O111). Group D was vaccinated first with the commercial vaccine (at one day old and 59 days), then with the autogenous vaccine (110 days). Birds were transferred to the experimental facility at 121 days of age and were challenged 10 days later. In each group, 20 birds were challenged with one of the three APEC strains (O78, O18, O111); in total, 80 birds were challenged by the same strains (20 per group). The recorded outcomes were: mortality rate, macroscopic lesion score in target organs and the bacterial recovery of the challenge strain from bone marrow and pooled organs. When challenged with O78 or O111 strains, birds from groups C and D proved to be significantly better protected, in terms of lesion scoring and bacteriological isolation, than those of groups A and B. With the O18 challenge, only birds of group D presented a statistically significant reduction of their lesion score. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on the efficacy of an immunization program in poultry that combines commercial and autogenous vaccines.

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“…These results suggest that treatments with the Poulvac E. coli vaccine significantly reduced the severity of lesions in both the trachea and liver compared to the non-vaccinated group D1(En-Nv-Ch) with a higher level of protection in group A1 (LS-7dV-Ch) 21 , 25 . The serum biochemical parameters were aligned with clinical signs, mortality, necropsy, and histopathology findings where group A1(LS-7dV-Ch) showed significant differences in total protein, urea, and creatinine compared to group D1 (En-Nv-Ch).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Results have shown that the use of Poulvac E. coli on day-old or day 7 with prior antibiotic prophylaxis in the first three days does not affect the immune response to these vaccines. Also, there was an improvement in both viral agents' immune responses, particularly in group A1 (LS-7dV-Ch) 21 , 24 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…However, some strains, including extra-intestinal avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), can cause invasive infections outside the intestine, namely colibacillosis 1 , 2 , and are reported to cause significant economic losses to the poultry industry 20 . ME Poulvac E coli sprays application of day-old broilers has been reported to help reduce the mortality associated with co-infection by IBV variant 02 and APEC from 25% in the control group 10% 21 . However, under ME field conditions and due to the low quality of day-old chicks, broiler chick medicines are common in the first three days of age to eliminate vertical or hatchery-transmitted bacterial pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of commercially available aroA delated gene E. coli O78 vaccine in commercial broiler chickens under Middle East simulating field conditions

Galal

Abdrabou

Faraag

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The broiler industry in the Middle East (ME) faces many challenges related to bacterial infections, including M. gallisepticum, M. synoviae, E. coli, and other gram-negative bacteria, exacerbated by various errors in the brooding process. Antibiotics use in the first three days of life, such as Linco-Spectin 100 SP, tilmicosin, enrofloxacin, tylosin, colistin, and doxycycline, is the trend in the market to control such challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the newly introduced aroA E. coli vaccine (Poulvac E. coli) and its ability to reduce over-reliance on the heavy use of antibiotics in the ME. The study was conducted on 160 broiler chicks, divided into eight even groups. Each group was treated differently in terms of antibiotic therapy and ages at the time of Poulvac E. coli administration and the challenge of virulent avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), serotype O78. Spray application of Poulvac E. coli at seven days of age plus Linco-Spectin 100 SP during the first three days provided the best results for zero mortality after challenge with APEC, while Poulvac E. coli at seven days with enrofloxacin during the early three days resulted in 10% mortality. Poulvac E. coli hatchery vaccination protected birds against mortality but reduced body weight gain compared to the 7-day group vaccinated with Linco-Spectin 100 SP during the first three days. Poulvac E. coli given on day one or day seven did not affect the immune response to concurrent respiratory viral vaccines and, in some cases, improved response. This study shows that Poulvac E. coli at seven days of age, together with Linco-Spectin 100 during the first three days, has produced the best results in terms of protection and performance in the ME high presence of avian pathogenic E. coli field challenge.

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Recent approaches for control of E. coli and respiratory complex in Middle East

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Influence of vaccination of broiler chickens against Escherichia coli with live attenuated vaccine on general properties of E. coli population, IBV vaccination efficiency, and production parameters—a field experiment

Influence of vaccination of broiler chickens against Escherichia coli with live attenuated vaccine on general properties of E. coli population, IBV vaccination efficiency, and production parameters—a field experiment

An Assessment of the Level of Protection Against Colibacillosis Conferred by Several Autogenous and/or Commercial Vaccination Programs in Conventional Pullets upon Experimental Challenge

Evaluation of commercially available aroA delated gene E. coli O78 vaccine in commercial broiler chickens under Middle East simulating field conditions

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