Recent beam studies of the PoP FFAG proton synchrotron

Yoshimoto, Masahiro; Adachi, Toshikazu; Aiba, M.; Koba, K.; Machida, S.; Mori, Y.; Muramatsu, R.; Ohmori, C.; Sakai, I.; Suzuki, Yasuo; Sugaya, Masakazu; Takagi, A.; Ueno, R.; Wada, M.; Yokoi, T.; Yoshii, M.; Yuasa, Y.

doi:10.1109/pac.2001.987429

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…FFGA proton accelerators (aka "scaling FFAG") were developed at KEK (K ō Enerugī Kasokuki Kenky ū Kik ō) in the late 1990s, with a proof-of-principle 500 MeV ring in 1999 [45] and a full-scale 150 MeV ring that provided the first beam in 2005 [46]. Two such rings are in operation in Japan, at Kyushu University (providing the beam for condensed matter research) and at the Kyoto University research reactor (providing the beam for KUCA, an ADS-Reactor Critical Assembly) [46].…”

Section: Scaling Fixed-field Gradient Acceleratormentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformative Technology for FLASH Radiation Therapy

et al. 2023

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The general concept of radiation therapy used in conventional cancer treatment is to increase the therapeutic index by creating a physical dose differential between tumors and normal tissues through precision dose targeting, image guidance, and radiation beams that deliver a radiation dose with high conformality, e.g., protons and ions. However, the treatment and cure are still limited by normal tissue radiation toxicity, with the corresponding side effects. A fundamentally different paradigm for increasing the therapeutic index of radiation therapy has emerged recently, supported by preclinical research, and based on the FLASH radiation effect. FLASH radiation therapy (FLASH-RT) is an ultra-high-dose-rate delivery of a therapeutic radiation dose within a fraction of a second. Experimental studies have shown that normal tissues seem to be universally spared at these high dose rates, whereas tumors are not. While dose delivery conditions to achieve a FLASH effect are not yet fully characterized, it is currently estimated that doses delivered in less than 200 ms produce normal-tissue-sparing effects, yet effectively kill tumor cells. Despite a great opportunity, there are many technical challenges for the accelerator community to create the required dose rates with novel compact accelerators to ensure the safe delivery of FLASH radiation beams.

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Section: Scaling Fixed-field Gradient Acceleratormentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformative Technology for FLASH Radiation Therapy

et al. 2023

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“…3b. The whole stable area is still mainly determined by the vertical cell tune, but in the region of high Bd/Bf, the horizontal cell tune reaches 0.5 and sets the One of the major concerns of FFAG accelerators is dynamic aperture, which may become deteriorated by intrinsic nonlinearities of the lattice magnets [19]. The DF-spiral concept is not an exception.…”

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confidence: 99%

Scaling Fixed-Field Alternating-Gradient Accelerators with Reverse Bend and Spiral Edge Angle

Machida

2017

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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A novel scaling type of Fixed-Field Alternating-Gradient (FFAG) accelerator is proposed that solves the major problems of conventional scaling FFAGs. This scaling FFAG accelerator combines reverse bending magnets of the radial sector type and a spiral edge angle of the spiral sector type to ensure sufficient vertical focusing without relying on extreme values of either parameter. This new concept makes it possible to design a scaling FFAG for high energy (above GeV range) applications such as a proton driver for a spallation neutron source and an accelerator driven subcritical reactor.Particle accelerators were developed initially as a tool to explore particle physics at the energy frontier. Recently, however, many accelerators have been constructed for other fields of physics mostly with the aim of producing secondary or tertiary particles such as neutrons, muons and neutrinos. A figure of merit in this area is a measure of the number of energetic particles, usually protons, that are used to create secondary or tertiary particles through impact with a production target. The energy of each particle does not have to be as high as in accelerators for research at the energy frontier; instead emphasis is put on the beam intensity, which is always demanding. The research field that this type of accelerator explores is called the intensity frontier, and the accelerator is usually referred to as a proton driver.Considering the cross-section of the secondary and tertiary particle production, the energy range of a proton driver covers a range from a few 100 MeV to some 10's of GeV. Cyclotrons cover the lower end: the machines at PSI and TRIUMF, for example, have just enough energy for neutron and muon production. Linear accelerators (linacs for short) with and without an accumulator ring and rapid cycling synchrotrons (RCS) usually produce beams of a few GeV to produce neutrons most efficiently. ISIS, SNS, the J-Parc RCS and ESS (under construction in Sweden) belong to this category. When protons with energies higher than a few GeV are required for the production of kaons and neutrinos through pions, slow cycling synchrotrons are the only option. BNL-AGS, CERN-PS and J-Parc MR are examples.Fixed-Field Alternating-Gradient (FFAG) accelerators were invented in 1950s and developed over the following years, initially as accelerators for energy frontier physics [1,2]. At the same time, an alternating-gradient synchrotron had been developed and its more compact magnets relative to the FFAGs became a big advantage when looking to increase beam energy, so the objectives of the FFAG accelerator development faded out. Although there were remained pockets of interests on FFAG accelerators, for instance [3][4][5][6][7], little development beyond paper studies took place until the late 1990's when the * shinji.machida@stfc.ac.uk idea of a neutrino factory called for an accelerator that could rapidly accelerate muons before they had time to decay [8][9][10].When FFAGs were invented, it was realized that an important advantage over oth...

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Mechanisms for nonlinear acceleration in FFAGs with fixed RF

Koscielniak¹,

Johnstone²

2004

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Recent beam studies of the PoP FFAG proton synchrotron

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Transformative Technology for FLASH Radiation Therapy

Transformative Technology for FLASH Radiation Therapy

Scaling Fixed-Field Alternating-Gradient Accelerators with Reverse Bend and Spiral Edge Angle

Mechanisms for nonlinear acceleration in FFAGs with fixed RF

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