Recent changes in heatwave characteristics over Korea

Yoon, Donghyuck; Cha, Dong‐Hyun; Lee, Myong‐In; Min, Ki‐Hong; Kim, Joowan; Jun, Sang‐Yoon; Choi, Yonghan

doi:10.1007/s00382-020-05420-1

“…The warm anomaly region is generally consistent with the 500-hPa geopotential height anomaly and has actively induced anticyclonic circulations around Korea. Extreme heatwave cases, 1994, 2016, and 2018, can be classified as the cluster 3, 2, and 1 of heatwaves covering the entire Korean Peninsula as reported in previous studies, respectively (Yoon et al 2020). However, in the 5 years with the lowest number of HWDs, the negative temperature at 2 m and geopotential height anomaly were found in Korea.…”

Section: Heatwave Dayssupporting

confidence: 53%

Synoptic conditions controlling the seasonal onset and days of heatwaves over Korea

Ho

¹

,

Jung

²

,

Chang

³

et al. 2021

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As global warming gets worse, the extreme heat exposure time is expected to increase. Considering that the heatwave damages increased by the accumulation of heat stress, it is important to understand the heatwave onset and number of heatwave days (HWDs). Here, we show that the end of East Asian summer monsoon activity (i.e., Changma retreat date, CRD) could be an indicator in determining the onset of the heatwave, and the barotropic structure induced by the circumglobal and Pacific–Japan teleconnections is a key factor in lengthening the number of HWDs in Korea. The onset of the heatwave is delayed when CRD belated than the climatology late over Korea due to sufficient moisture transportation between the edge of western North Pacific subtropical high and cold polar air mass in July. The number of HWDs from July through August over Korea shows a positive linear relationship with the synoptic stagnation index because the upper-layer anticyclone associated with stagnation is formed around Korea by zonal wave activity. Barotropic anticyclone stabilizes the atmosphere and increases the number of clear sky days, which possibly leads to hot days. Fewer HWDs are observed when there is baroclinic instability due to strong upper-level jet stream and synoptic-scale weather systems move smoothly. By identifying the meteorological mechanism of heatwave occurrence and favorable conditions for sustained hot days over Korea, our results are eventually able to contribute to reducing damages caused by heatwaves.

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“…The warm anomaly region is generally consistent with the 500-hPa geopotential height anomaly and has actively induced anticyclonic circulations around Korea. Extreme heatwave cases, 1994, 2016, and 2018, can be classi ed as the cluster 3, 2, and 1 of heatwaves covering the entire Korean Peninsula as reported in previous studies, respectively (Yoon et al 2020). However, in the ve years with the lowest number of HWDs, the negative temperature at 2 m and geopotential height anomaly were found in Korea.…”

Section: Heatwave Daysmentioning

confidence: 83%

Synoptic Conditions Controlling the Seasonal Onset and Days of Heatwaves Over Korea

Ho

¹

,

Jung

²

,

Chang

³

et al. 2021

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As global warming gets worse, the extreme heat exposure time is expected to increase. Considering that the heatwave damages increased by the accumulation of heat stress, it is important to understand the heatwave onset and number of heatwave days (HWDs). Here, we show that the end of East Asian summer monsoon activity (i.e., Changma retreat date, CRD) could be an indicator in determining the onset of the heatwave, and the barotropic structure induced by the circumglobal and Pacific–Japan teleconnections is a key factor in lengthening the number of HWDs in Korea. The onset of the heatwave is delayed when CRD belated than the climatology late over Korea due to sufficient moisture transportation between the edge of western North Pacific subtropical high and cold polar air mass in July. The number of HWDs from July through August over Korea shows a positive linear relationship with the synoptic stagnation index because the upper-layer anticyclone associated with stagnation is formed around Korea by zonal wave activity. Barotropic anticyclone stabilizes the atmosphere and increases the number of clear sky days, which possibly leads to hot days. Fewer HWDs are observed when there is baroclinic instability due to strong upper-level jet stream and synoptic-scale weather systems move smoothly. By identifying the meteorological mechanism of heatwave occurrence and favorable conditions for sustained hot days over Korea, our results are eventually able to contribute to reducing damages caused by heatwaves.

show abstract

“…Mean annual temperature changes in China between 1961 and 2005 were attributed to the combined effect of GHG emissions and sulfate aerosol forcing (Xu et al 2015). Across the Korean Peninsula, extreme heatwave events have also been associated with climate change (Yoon et al 2020). In North Korea, Om et al (2019) observed a temperature change of 0.21 °C/decade from 1918 to 2015, which is higher than the changes reported for mainland China and the global average.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Anthropogenic Influence on Long-Term Surface Air Temperature Trends: Attribution of Temperature Changes Across East Asia

Allabakash

¹

,

Lim

²

2021

Preprint

0

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Climate change is an ongoing process impacting ecosystem functions and human health; East Asia (EA) is one of the most vulnerable regions being influenced by such changes. This study examines the long-term variability of surface air temperatures (SATs) across EA using the new Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) datasets. Historical simulations (20th century) and future (21st century) SAT projections were investigated based on multi-model ensemble simulations. We also demonstrate the contribution of external and natural (NAT) forcings to SAT change. This study mainly focuses the effect of anthropogenic forcings (ANT) on EA climate for a long period (1850-2100). Our simulations show that SAT in EA increased by 0.031 °C/decade during the period 1850–2014 owing to combined ANT and NAT (‘ALL=ANT+NAT’) forcings, while an increase of 0.08 °C/decade can be attributed to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The ANT forcing rapidly increased after the third industrial revolution (after 1969). Consequently, SAT change accelerated to 0.255 °C/decade and 0.268 °C/decade owing to ALL and GHG forcings, respectively. Human-induced GHG emissions and land use were the dominant factors driving SAT warming during the study period, and will contribute to substantial future warming trends. Furthermore, optimal fingerprinting method demonstrates the significance of ANT influences on climate change in EA. ANT forcing was clearly detected and distinct from NAT forcing in a two-signal analysis. In a three-signal analysis, GHG was clearly detected for EA region in separation from ANT and NAT influences. The shared socioeconomic pathway emission scenarios (SSP1–2.6, SSP2–4.5, and SSP5–8.5) showed future projections (warming trends) from 2015–2100. This analysis suggests that climate change could be mitigated by restricting anthropogenic factors (especially GHG) and land use/activities in EA.

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Recent changes in heatwave characteristics over Korea

Cited by 41 publications

References 44 publications

Synoptic conditions controlling the seasonal onset and days of heatwaves over Korea

Synoptic conditions controlling the seasonal onset and days of heatwaves over Korea

Synoptic Conditions Controlling the Seasonal Onset and Days of Heatwaves Over Korea

Anthropogenic Influence on Long-Term Surface Air Temperature Trends: Attribution of Temperature Changes Across East Asia

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