Recent Changes in Nasopharyngeal Flora of Children in Japan

Abstract

We investigated the relationship between nasopharyngeal flora of pediatric patients and antibiotic consumption in a local community in Japan between 2000 and 2009 retrospectively.There was a clear relationship between the lower annual consumption rate of cephalosporins and the lower annual prevalence of non-susceptible strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP).High prevalence of BLNAR (ß-lactamase non-producing ampicillin resistant Haemophilus influenzae) has been one of the bacteriological features of Japan.