Recent demographic change in Tanzania: Causes, consequences and future prospects

Abstract

Fertility in Tanzania has declined from seven children per woman in the early 1980s to about six in the early 1990s. This trend is a result of a rise in the age at first marriage for women, a decline in infant and child mortality, a rise in the percentage of the population with education, and rural development. The continuing universal and prolonged breastfeeding also has a significant negative effect on fertility. A further fertility decline in Tanzania will depend mainly on the success of the family planning programme, which in turn will improve the performance of the economy, health, education, employment, agriculture and the environment. Mortality levels have declined but are still high owing to various factors, including short birth intervals, teenage pregnancies, the low status of women, the lack of adequate health services and facilities and a lack of proper programmes targeted at regions and families with relatively high mortality.

Sex preference and contraceptive behaviour among men in Mbeya region, Tanzania

“…Tanzania, which recently has witnessed a decline in its TFR, [37][38] has an estimated population of 30.6 million and an annual natural population growth rate of 2.5%. 39 Mbeya region is located in the southern highlands of Tanzania, approximately 600 kilometres west of the capital, Dar es Salaam.…”

From strategy development to routine implementation: the cost of Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Infants for malaria control

“…A detailed explanation is given elsewhere[ 20 ]. Briefly, the population of this poor, rural area is around 900,000 and subject to the highest infant mortality rate in the country at around 121 per 1,000 live births compared to national average of 68 per 1,000 live births[ 21 , 22 ]. Like the rest of Tanzania, the health system in the project area comprises a network of tiered public and private facilities where IPTi is delivered alongside Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) services.…”