Recent Development of TlBr Gamma-Ray Detectors

Abstract

Planar detectors, strip detectors, and double-sided strip detectors were fabricated from TlBr crystals grown by the traveling molten zone method using zone-purified material. The detector performance including the leakage current, energy resolutions, and timing performance were evaluated in order to assess the capability of the detectors for PET and SPECT applications. The TlBr detectors exhibited excellent spectroscopic performance at room temperature. An energy resolution of 3.4% FWHM at 511 keV was obtained from a TlBr planar detector 1 mm thick. A TlBr strip detector 1 mm thick with four anode strip electrodes exhibited almost uniform detector performance over the strips with the average energy resolution of 4.4% FWHM at 511 keV. A TlBr double-sided strip detector exhibited an energy resolution of 6.3% FWHM for 122 keV gamma-rays. Coincidence timing spectra between a TlBr planar detector and a BaF 2 scintillation detector were recorded at room temperature. Timing resolutions of 14 ns and 24 ns were obtained from TlBr detectors 0.5 mm and 1 mm thick, respectively. By cooling the detector to 0 C, an improved timing resolution of 12 ns was obtained from a TlBr detector 1 mm thick.

CsHgInS3: a New Quaternary Semiconductor for γ-ray Detection

“…Fitting of the observed photocurrent data to eq , ( μτ ) e = (3.6 ± 0.17) × 10 –5 cm 2 V –1 and ( μτ ) h = (2.9 ± 0.10) × 10 –5 cm 2 V –1 were obtained. These values are moderate and lower than those of CZT (( μτ ) e = 4.5 × 10 –2 cm 2 V –1 , ( μτ ) h = 1 × 10 –4 cm 2 V –1 ), , TlBr (( μτ ) e = 5 × 10 –3 cm 2 V –1 , ( μτ ) h = ∼10 –4 cm 2 V –1 ), , Cs 2 Hg 6 S 7 (( μτ ) e = 1.2 × 10 –3 cm 2 V –1 , ( μτ ) h = 1.0 × 10 –4 cm 2 V –1 ) and Tl 6 I 4 Se (( μτ ) e = 7 × 10 –3 cm 2 V –1 , ( μτ ) h = 6 × 10 –4 cm 2 V –1 ) . The μτ of the title compound is however comparable to or higher than other layered X-ray and γ-ray detector materials under consideration.…”

Inorganic Halide Perovskitoid TlPbI3 for Ionizing Radiation Detection

“…[ 24 ] The pair creation energy ε is calculated to be 6.69 eV from the empirical formula developed by Alig as ε = 2.73 E g + 0.55, [ 25 ] which is comparable to those of TlBr (6.50 eV), CdZnSe (6.00 eV), and MAPbBr 3 (6.83 eV). [ 26 ]…”

Impact of selenium addition to the cadmium-zinc-telluride matrix for producing high energy resolution X-and gamma-ray detectors

“…After intense research for over three decades, only a handful of materials have evolved satisfying the requisites for room temperature radiation detector applications. HgI 2 , CdTe, Cd 0.9 Zn 0.1 Te (CZT) and TlBr 7 – 13 are among the materials which attracted the most attention. In recent years, halide perovskites have gained interest for radiation detector applications 14 , 15 .…”