Recent Developments and Mid‐ and Long‐Term CO₂ Mitigation Projects in Ironmaking

Abstract

CO 2 mitigation and the stable supply of raw materials are two major issues for the steel industry. The Japanese steel industry has promoted short term developments and investments to comply with the Japan Iron and Steel Federation's voluntary action plan in parallel with developing plans for drastic CO 2 mitigation programs toward the post Kyoto protocol period. This paper describes short-term measures in the ironmaking field such as natural gas injection technology to the sintering bed and burden distribution control with coke mixed charging.For mid and long term CO 2 mitigation, the joint project, 'Preparatory research work for the blast furnace based innovative ironmaking technologies' was actively promoted by the New Energy and industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) from FY2006 to FY2008. Based on the enhancement of carbon -CO 2 reaction by close positioning of carbon and iron oxide/metallic iron, the production process and reaction mechanism in a blast furnace were studied for two innovative composites with iron oxide, metallic iron and carbon.For development at a pilot plant scale, a new project, 'Development of innovative ironmaking process using low cost iron ore and coal' started in FY2009. Key technologies of the project are the production process and evaluation in a blast furnace of a hybrid composite of metallic iron and carbon, so called 'Ferro-coke'. This paper describes key technologies and recent developments of the project.

Reducing Net CO2 Emissions Using Charcoal as a Blast Furnace Tuyere Injectant

“…For example, the European Community has developed ULCOS (Ultra-Low CO 2 Steelmaking), a comprehensive program to determine the most suitable technologies for the future. 1) In Japan, there are substantial short-term 2) and long-term (COURSE50) 3) projects. More broadly, the World Steel Association draws together international efforts under its CO 2 Breakthrough Program, including the Australian program, which is jointly conducted by BlueScope Steel, OneSteel and CSIRO.…”

Low Emission Steelmaking

“…1 The four ULCOS solutions selected for the continuation of the ULCOS program, according to Birat et al [10] It is worth noting that other substantial initiatives have taken place in Japan as extensions of ''Ishii Project''. These have been reviewed by Takeda et al [14].…”

Influences of Coal Tar Pitch on Metallurgical Properties of Iron Carbon Agglomerates

“…Furthermore, the reaction efficiency of BF is improved, fuel ratio is reduced, and CO 2 emission is reduced . In general, the iron coke is prepared by co‐carbonizing the mixtures of iron ore and coal . During the carbonization, the iron oxide is reduced to metallic iron, which can act as a catalyst in the gasification reaction of carbon.…”

“…Nevertheless, iron coke with iron ore up to 30% still has enough drum strength of above 80% for use in BF. Takeda et al found that when the addition ratio of iron ore is more than 30%, the mechanical strength of ferro‐coke prepared by briquetting–shaft process remarkably decline, whereas the reactivity increases linearly with the addition of iron ore. Furthermore, it was indicated by Nomura et al that the reactivity of iron coke prepared by coke oven process can be evidently improved with the addition of iron ore, but the drum strength is decreased.…”