Recent Developments in Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis: A Review

Abstract

Affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) is a versatile analytical technique that has been shown to be an efficient and accurate tool to probe non-covalent interactions and to determine binding and dissociation constants between receptors and ligands. ACE uses as its basis the change in migration time of a receptor upon binding to a ligand generally found in the electrophoresis buffer. Subsequent analysis using non-interacting standards realizes values for the binding constant. The technique has a number of advantages over other binding assay methods in that binding parameters can be obtained expeditiously, reproducibly, and with minimal sample quantity requirements and preparation. This review focuses on the literature describing the use of ACE from

Determination of binding constants by affinity capillary electrophoresis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and phase-distribution methods

“…There have been specialized and general reviews of ACE [6,9,22-49] Most of them covered progress and innovation in ACE during a certain period with respect to biological-based molecular interactions. Other topics include combinatorial library screening [28], chiral additive evaluation [40], and cyclodextrin-drug inclusion [35,40].…”

Recent Advances in Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis for Binding Studies

“…A new complex is formed between CA and the negatively charged ligands, causing changes in the relative migration time of the complex [23]. For many other examples, see [24].…”

“…Different ranges of receptor-to-ligand ratios were obtained by the two methods, probably more investigation is required to judge which method is more accurate for this particular interaction. [24]. Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies as well as antibody fragments (Fab) were studied by ACE.…”

Recent developments in CE and CEC of peptides

“…Affinity electrophoresis performed in a capillary format, capillary affinity electrophoresis (CAE), is mostly used as a mild and sensitive tool for the investigation of the (bio)molecular interactions and recognition, and for estimation of binding (association) or dissociation constants of the formed complexes [119,120]. CAE involves several modes based either on the separation of the interacting species, such as in the Hummel-Dreyer method, the vacancy peak method and frontal analysis, or on the detection of a specific physicochemical property of the complexed ligand or the binding partner.…”