Recent developments in biodegradable magnesium matrix composites for orthopaedic applications: A review based on biodegradability, mechanical and biocompatibility perspective

Kumar, K. Nirmal; Das, Ashish; Prasad, Shashi Bhushan

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.133

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In this regard, magnesium alloys (Mg-Ca, Mg-Zn) and magnesium matrix composites (Mg-calcium phosphate particle, Mg-hydroxyapatite, Mg-tricalcium phosphate) are one of the metallic materials which have recently attracted growing interest due to their improved mechanical and biological properties ( 9 , 13 ). Magnesium is ideal for biodegradable orthopedic implants owing to its high biocompatibility, osteogenesis ability and biodegradable behavior ( 14 ).…”

Section: Biomaterials In Orthopedicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatibility assessment of biomaterials used in orthopedic devices: An overview (Review)

et al. 2021

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Biocompatibility is one of the mandatory requirements for the clinical use of biomaterials in orthopedics. It refers to the ability of a biomaterial to perform its function without eliciting toxic or injurious effects on biological systems but producing an appropriate host response in a specific case. Today, the biocompatibility concept includes not only bio-inertia, but also biofunctionality and biostability. High biocompatibility and functional properties are highly desirable for new biomaterials. The chemical, mechanical, structural properties of biomaterials, their interaction with biological environment or even the methodology of assessment can influence the biocompatibility. The biological evaluation of biomaterials includes a broad spectrum of in vitro and in vivo tests related to the cytocompatibility, genotoxicity, sensitization, irritation, acute and chronic toxicity, hemocompatibility, reproductive and developmental toxicitity, carcinogenicity, implantation and degradation as specified in different international standards. A brief review of the main assays used in the biocompatibility testing of orthopedic biomaterials is presented. In addition, their main biocompatibility issues are overviewed.

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Section: Biomaterials In Orthopedicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatibility assessment of biomaterials used in orthopedic devices: An overview (Review)

et al. 2021

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“…However, these traditional metals cannot biodegrade in the body [ 6 ]. Biodegradable Mg alloys make up for this deficiency, and the Mg ions released during the degradation process can promote the mitosis of osteoblasts and enhance bone formation [ 94 ]. Therefore, biodegradable Mg alloys have considerable potentials to be used as bone implant materials.…”

Section: Application/potential Application Of Biodegradable Mg Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems, Properties, Surface Modification and Applications of Biodegradable Magnesium-Based Alloys: A Review

Chen

Kolawole

et al. 2022

Materials

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In recent years, biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys have attracted the attention of many researchers due to their mechanical properties, excellent biocompatibility and unique biodegradability. Many Mg alloy implants have been successfully applied in clinical medicine, and they are considered to be promising biological materials. In this article, we review the latest research progress in biodegradable Mg alloys, including research on high-performance Mg alloys, bioactive coatings and actual or potential clinical applications of Mg alloys. Finally, we review the research and development direction of biodegradable Mg alloys. This article has a guiding significance for future development and application of high-performance biodegradable Mg alloys, promoting the future advancement of the magnesium alloy research field, especially in biomedicine.

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“…13 The major issue with magnesium is its high corrosion rate and loss of its mechanical integrity before bone healing. 14,15 Engineering approaches such as alloys, 16 coating, 17 and composites 18 are used to overcome this issue. But the issue with alloys is that not all alloy elements are biocompatible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Bioactive Magnesium-Hopeite composite by friction stir processing for orthopedic implant applications

Kumar

Das

Prasad

2023

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Magnesium (Mg) shows excellent potential for orthopedic implant applications owing to its equivalent mechanical properties compared to cortical bone and its biocompatibility. However, the rapid degradation rate of magnesium and its alloys in the physiological environment results in losing their mechanical integrity before complete bone healing. In light of this, friction stir processing (FSP), a solid-state process, is used to fabricate Hopeite (Zn(PO4)2.4H2O) reinforced novel magnesium composite. As a result of the novel composite fabricated by FSP, grain refinement of the matrix phase occurs significantly. The samples were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for in-vitro bioactivity and biodegradability tests. The corrosion behavior of pure Mg, FSP Mg, and FSP Mg-Hopeite composite samples was compared using electrochemical and immersion tests in SBF. It found that Mg-Hopeite composite has better corrosion resistance than FSP Mg and pure Mg. Because of grain refinement and the presence of secondary phase Hopeite in the composite, the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance improved. The bioactivity test was performed in the SBF environment, and a rapid apatite layer was formed on the surface of Mg-Hopeite composite samples during the test. Osteoblast-like MG63 cells were exposed to samples, and the MTT assay confirmed the non-toxicity of the FSP Mg-Hopeite composite. The wettability of the Mg-Hopeite composite was improved than pure Mg. The present research findings showed that the novel Mg-Hopeite composite fabricated by FSP is a promising candidate for orthopedic implant applications, unreported in the literature.

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Recent developments in biodegradable magnesium matrix composites for orthopaedic applications: A review based on biodegradability, mechanical and biocompatibility perspective

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Biocompatibility assessment of biomaterials used in orthopedic devices: An overview (Review)

Biocompatibility assessment of biomaterials used in orthopedic devices: An overview (Review)

Systems, Properties, Surface Modification and Applications of Biodegradable Magnesium-Based Alloys: A Review

Novel Bioactive Magnesium-Hopeite composite by friction stir processing for orthopedic implant applications

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