Recent developments in capillary electrokinetic chromatography with replaceable charged pseudostationary phases or additives

Abstract

Although electrochromatography in packed beds or monolithic columns has gained enormous interest, techniques based on charged pseudostationary phases like micelles are of high practical importance in electrically driven separation science. However, nonmicellar alternatives, e.g., using charged soluble polymers or smaller additives are still attractive, as they allow high concentrations of organic solvents, and their application is not limited by the critical micellar concentration. This review discusses the developments in the field of electrokinetic chromatography with these additives in the last three years, covering ionic polymeric pseudostationary phases, dendrimers and so-called micelle polymers, but also small molecules which implement separation selectivity due to their specific interaction with the analytes.

Recent developments in capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography of peptides

“…Potential for peptide separations can be expected also from other CEKC modes with replaceable charged pseudostationary phases and additives [143,144] and from microemulsion EKC (ME-EKC) [145].…”

Separation of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer generations by dynamic coating capillary electrophoresis

“…Dendrimers can also be used as a pseudostationary phase for micellar electrokinetic chromatography [8,11]. Stathakis et al [12] demonstrated the usability of various generations, G0 (cationic), 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 (anionic), for the separation of proteins.…”

Developments in the use of soluble ionic polymers as pseudo-stationary phases for electrokinetic chromatography and stationary phases for electrochromatography

“…Two reviews by this author in this journal concentrated on studies of the performance and selectivity of polymeric PSPs from their introduction in 1992 until 1997 [5,6]. Since that time, several other reviews have detailed the development and selectivity of polymeric PSPs [10][11][12][13][14]and the development and characterization of chiral polymeric PSPs. [9] The current review will consider those developments and studies with polymeric and dendrimeric PSPs since the previous reviews by this author in this journal in 1997.…”