Recent developments in fluorine‐containing pesticides

Abstract

To ensure ongoing sustainability, the modern agrochemical industry is faced with enormous challenges. These arise from provision of high‐quality food to increasing water use and environmental impact as well as growing world population. The loss of previous agrochemicals due to consumer perception, changing grower needs and everchanging regulatory requirements is higher than the number of active ingredients can being introduced into the crop protection market. Therefore, the development of novel agrochemicals is essential, that can provide improved efficacy and environmental profiles. In this context, introduction of fluorine atoms and fluorine‐containing motifs into a molecule is an important method to influence its physicochemical properties. These include for example small difluoro‐ and trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethoxy groups at aryl or heterocyclic aryl moieties but also fragments like 2,2,2‐trifluoroethoxycarbonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoroacetyl, as well as the so far unusal rest like heptafluoro‐iso‐propyl. This review gives an overview of recent developments of fluorine‐containing pesticides launched over the past 7 years and describes a selection of current fluorine‐containing development candidates.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Ligand-Enabled Oxidative Fluorination of Gold(I) and Light-Induced Aryl–F Coupling at Gold(III)

“…Hence, it was questioned whether it is possible to forge C–F bonds. Aryl–F coupling is a highly challenging but attractive transformation, given the abundance and significance of aryl fluoride derivatives within pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals . While C­(sp 2 )–F reductive elimination is thermodynamically favored due to the high C–F bond strength (DFT calculations support this assertion, vide infra ), the associated kinetic barrier is usually prohibitively high. ,, Because of its extreme electronegativity, fluorine forms highly polarized M–F bonds, which significantly reduces electron density and orbital overlap, as required for C–F reductive elimination to proceed.…”

The Synergistic Effect of Lemongrass Essential Oil and Flometoquin, Flonicamid, and Sulfoxaflor on Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): Insights into Toxicity, Biochemical Impact, and Molecular Docking

“…Flometoquin, a novel insecticide distinguished by its common phenoxy-quinoline structure, was discovered in 2004 collaboratively by Nippon Kayaku and Mitsui Chemicals Crop & Life Solutions, Inc. Flometoquin acts as a mitochondrial complex III transport inhibitor-targeting the QI site [24] and preventing the utilization of energy by cells [25]. According to [26], flometoquin showed high effectiveness against the first-instar nymphs and adults of B. tabaci, T. tabaci, and F. occidentalis, the third-instar larvae of P. xylostella, and all developmental stages of T. palmi.…”

Visible Light-Induced Radical Cascade Difluoromethylation/Cyclization of Unactivated Alkenes: Access to CF2H-Substituted Polycyclic Imidazoles

“…Organic fluorine-containing compounds have always played significant roles in the fields of medicine and agriculture, as the incorporation of fluorine-containing moieties into candidate molecules often leads to significant changes in physicochemical properties and biological activities . The synthesis of fluorine-containing compounds has become a hot topic in organic chemistry .…”