Recent developments in graphene based field effect transistors

Krsihna, B. Vamsi; Ravi, Sai Kishore; Prakash, M. Durga

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.678

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The gMTA aptasensor is a label-free detection device, requiring low operational voltage with high transconductance due to the high gate capacitance from the electrical double layers (EDLs) at the graphene-electrolyte and electrolyte-gate interfaces. The record-breaking sensitivity of our sensor results from a combination of factors: (i) the EG-gFETs high 2D conductance, deriving from CVD graphene’s single-layer high electronic mobility and relatively high carrier density [14], [16]; (ii) the cleanroom fabrication process carefully developed to preserve graphene’s electronic properties, while simultaneously passivating all other device areas [36]; (iii) the graphene transistor channel direct exposure to the liquid medium containing the target and the EDLs formation [17], [42]; (iv) the aptamer’s affinity to dopamine and its ability to operate within the Debye length [38], [39], [43].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasensitive Dopamine Detection with Graphene Aptasensor Multitransistor Arrays

Abrantes

Rodrigues

Domingues

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Dopamine is a neurotransmitter with critical roles in the human brain and body, and abnormal dopamine levels underlie brain disorders such as Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, and substance addiction. Herein, we present a novel high-throughput biosensor based on graphene multitransistor arrays (gMTAs) functionalized with a selective aptamer for robust ultrasensitive dopamine detection. The miniaturized biosensor integrates multiple electrolyte-gated graphene field-effect transistors (EG-gFETs) in an array configuration, fabricated by high-yield reproducible and scalable methodologies optimized at the wafer level. With these gMTA aptasensors, we reliably detected ultra-low dopamine concentrations in physiological buffers, including undiluted phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), artificial cerebral spinal fluid (aCSF), and high ionic strength complex biological samples. We report a record limit-of-detection (LOD) of 1 aM (10^-18) for dopamine in both PBS, and dopamine-depleted brain homogenate samples spiked with dopamine. The gMTAs also display wide sensing ranges across all media, up to 100 uM (10^-8), with a 22 mV/decade peak sensitivity in aCSF. Furthermore, we show that the gMTAs can detect minimal changes in dopamine concentrations in small working volume biological CSF samples obtained from a mouse model of Parkinson's Disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasensitive Dopamine Detection with Graphene Aptasensor Multitransistor Arrays

Abrantes

Rodrigues

Domingues

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Graphene-based biosensors have been attracting growing attention due to their extremely high sensitivity based on graphene's unique electronic properties, high chemical and mechanical stability, and biocompatibility [14][15][16][17]. Graphene field-effect transistors (gFETs), in particular, take advantage of graphene's exceptionally high carrier mobility and surface-to-volume ratio to permit high signal-to-noise transduction of biodetection events through electrostatic gating [17][18][19]. Because the gFETs' transduction depends on the field-effect modulation based on different local doping mechanisms, charge carrier scattering, and dielectric environment [20][21][22], they can be designed and tuned according to application demands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasensitive dopamine detection with graphene aptasensor multitransistor arrays

et al. 2022

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Detecting physiological levels of neurotransmitters in biological samples can advance our understanding of brain disorders and lead to improved diagnostics and therapeutics. However, neurotransmitter sensors for real-world applications must reliably detect low concentrations of target analytes from small volume working samples. Herein, a platform for robust and ultrasensitive detection of dopamine, an essential neurotransmitter that underlies several brain disorders, based on graphene multitransistor arrays (gMTAs) functionalized with a selective DNA aptamer is presented. High-yield scalable methodologies optimized at the wafer level were employed to integrate multiple graphene transistors on small-size chips (4.5 × 4.5 mm). The multiple sensor array configuration permits independent and simultaneous replicate measurements of the same sample that produce robust average data, reducing sources of measurement variability. This procedure allowed sensitive and reproducible dopamine detection in ultra-low concentrations from small volume samples across physiological buffers and high ionic strength complex biological samples. The obtained limit-of-detection was 1 aM (10–18) with dynamic detection ranges spanning 10 orders of magnitude up to 100 µM (10–8), and a 22 mV/decade peak sensitivity in artificial cerebral spinal fluid. Dopamine detection in dopamine-depleted brain homogenates spiked with dopamine was also possible with a LOD of 1 aM, overcoming sensitivity losses typically observed in ion-sensitive sensors in complex biological samples. Furthermore, we show that our gMTAs platform can detect minimal changes in dopamine concentrations in small working volume samples (2 µL) of cerebral spinal fluid samples obtained from a mouse model of Parkinson’s Disease. The platform presented in this work can lead the way to graphene-based neurotransmitter sensors suitable for real-world academic and pre-clinical pharmaceutical research as well as clinical diagnosis.

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“…These diagnosis techniques take a longer period of 3 to 24 h for the results. Hence, there is a great need for bio-sensors that can detect the corona virus-like particles and a sensitive and quick method is required to identify the virus particles is required to treat this type of pandemic disease (https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/how-is-the-covid-19virus-detected-using-real-time-rt-pcr), [6,7]. In this study, we design GFET biosensor functionalized mAbs for rapid identification of COVID-19, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Development of Graphene FET Biosensor for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2

Krsihna

Ahmadsaidulu²,

Teja³

et al. 2021

Silicon

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The most affected disease in recent years is Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) that is notable as COVID-19. It has been started as a disease in one place and arisen as a pandemic throughout the world. A serious health problem is developed in the lungs due to the effect of this coronavirus. Sometimes it may result in death as a consequence of extensive alveolar damage and progressive respiratory failure. Hence, early detection and appropriate diagnosis of corona virus in patient’s body is very essential to save the lives of affected patients This work evolves a Silicon (Si) based label-free electrical device i.e. the reduced graphene oxide field-effect transistor (rGO FET) for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Firstly rGO FET functionalized with SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Then the rGO FET characteristic response is observed to detect the antibody-antigen reaction of SARS-CoV-2 with different molar ranges. The developed GFET shows better performance towards the drain current and limit-of-detection (LoD) up to 2E-18 M. Therefore, we believe that an intense response was observed than the earlier developed devices and signifies impressive capability for subsequent implementation in point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic tests.

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Recent developments in graphene based field effect transistors

Cited by 25 publications

References 29 publications

Ultrasensitive Dopamine Detection with Graphene Aptasensor Multitransistor Arrays

Ultrasensitive Dopamine Detection with Graphene Aptasensor Multitransistor Arrays

Ultrasensitive dopamine detection with graphene aptasensor multitransistor arrays

Design and Development of Graphene FET Biosensor for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2

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