Recent Developments in International Management Research

Ricks, David; Toyne, Brian; Martinez, Zaida L.

doi:10.1177/014920639001600202

Cited by 168 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 186 publications

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“…Each nation supports a distinct strategic perspective that allows firms from different nations to compete on variables aside from price (Ricks et al, 1990). Most divergence scholars hold that because varying cultural values present an obstacle to convergence, divergence is a second-best solution and will impede the economic development of non-Anglo nations (Lundvall and Tomlinson, 2000).…”

Section: Implications For Convergence/divergence Debatementioning

confidence: 99%

The spirit of family business: A comparative analysis of Anglo, Germanic and Nordic nations

Gupta

Levenburg

Moore

et al. 2011

Int'l Jnl of Cross Cultural Management

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Using GLOBE classification and findings, this paper compares the family characteristics and work cultures of family businesses in Anglo, Germanic, and Nordic cultures. Results indicate differing patterns in terms of the involvement of the family in the family business and other key organizational dimensions. While all three regions share their weak family orientation, the Nordic and Germanic regions share stronger future orientation and uncertainty avoidance. The Anglo and Germanic regions share stronger performance orientation and the Nordic region stands out for its low power distance and low assertiveness. Overall, the characteristics of family businesses in the three regions may be associated with the distinctive regional cultures suggesting support for the presence of culturally implicit theories in the family business characteristics.

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Section: Implications For Convergence/divergence Debatementioning

confidence: 99%

The spirit of family business: A comparative analysis of Anglo, Germanic and Nordic nations

Gupta

Levenburg

Moore

et al. 2011

Int'l Jnl of Cross Cultural Management

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“…The divergence perspective argues that a values system is the product of sociocultural influences (Inkeles, 1997;Ricks, Toyne, & Martinez, 1990), and that the values learned during childhood socialization endure throughout one's lifetime, regardless of the business ideology influences (economic, political, and technological) experienced by the members of a society (Ralston et al, 2006a). In direct contrast, the convergence perspective argues that a societal values system is determined by technological development (Dunphy, 1987), a primary component of the business ideology influences (Ralston, 2008).…”

Section: Hypotheses For Macro-level and Micro-level Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical preferences for influencing superiors: A 41-society study

Ralston

Egri²,

Carranza³

et al. 2009

J Int Bus Stud

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With a 41-society sample of 9990 managers and professionals, we used hierarchical linear modeling to investigate the impact of both macro-level and micro-level predictors on subordinate influence ethics. While we found that both macro-level and micro-level predictors contributed to the model definition, we also found global agreement for a subordinate influence ethics hierarchy. Thus our findings provide evidence that developing a global model of subordinate ethics is possible, and should be based upon multiple criteria and multilevel variables.

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“…As it has been proven from various reviews and references in cross-cultural studies (Kirkman et al, 2006;Ricks et al, 1990;Taras et al, 2010), as a culture as the cause has become the exclusive focus of cross-cultural researchers. Recent comprehensive review by Kirkman et al (2006) and Tsui et al (2007) reflected the general trend that sees culture as the cause and has never been considered as a result.…”

Section: Culture As the Cause Not The Consequencementioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Hofstede’s Five Cultural Dimensions at Individual Level and Its Application to Researchers in Tourists’ Behaviors

Rinuastuti¹,

Hadiwidjojo²,

Rohman³

et al. 2014

IBR

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Depth understanding in the influence of national cultural background towards the tourists" behaviors and identifying the differences and similarities among the international tourism markets have nowadays become very fundamental compared to the past. Hofstede"s cultural dimensions are perceived around the world as key indicators to differentiate within cultural groups, and this has been applied not only related to the values of works, but also common values and accepted as a universal cross-cultural. However, some criticisms towards Hofstede"s cultural have too much leveled. This article aims to describe some of the reasons to the needs of cultural measurement at the individual level, especially its application in the study tourists" behaviors.

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Recent Developments in International Management Research

Cited by 168 publications

References 186 publications

The spirit of family business: A comparative analysis of Anglo, Germanic and Nordic nations

The spirit of family business: A comparative analysis of Anglo, Germanic and Nordic nations

Ethical preferences for influencing superiors: A 41-society study

Measuring Hofstede’s Five Cultural Dimensions at Individual Level and Its Application to Researchers in Tourists’ Behaviors

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